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to serve as an introduction

  • 1 einführen

    (trennb., hat -ge-)
    I v/t
    1. als Neuerung: introduce (in + Akk into); (Einrichtungen) establish, set up; das wollen wir gar nicht erst einführen umg. we’re not going to start that sort of thing, we’re not having any of that
    2. WIRTS. (Waren) import
    3. (jemanden) in Familie, Gesellschaft: introduce (in + Akk into; bei jemandem to s.o.); jemanden bei Hofe einführen present s.o. at court; in die Gesellschaft eingeführt werden junge Dame: be initiated into society
    4. (jemanden) in Arbeit etc.: introduce (in + Akk to); (einweisen, vorstellen) initiate (into); (vertraut machen) familiarize (with); feierlich, in ein Amt: instal(l) (in)
    5. (etw.) in eine Öffnung etc.: insert (in + Akk into); (zuführen) (Draht, Leitung) feed in(to)
    II v/refl: sich gut einführen Person: make a good first impression; Ware: be successfully launched; eingeführt
    * * *
    (begründen) to establish;
    (einweihen) to initiate;
    (hineinstecken) to insert;
    (importieren) to import;
    (ins Amt geleiten) to induct; to install; to inaugurate;
    (vorstellen) to introduce
    * * *
    ein|füh|ren sep
    1. vt
    1) (= hineinstecken) to insert, to introduce (
    in +acc into)
    2) (= bekannt machen) to introduce (
    in +acc into); (COMM) Firma, Artikel to establish

    jdn in sein Amt éínführen — to install sb( in office)

    jdn in seine Arbeit éínführen — to introduce sb to his work

    jdn bei Hofe éínführen — to present sb at court

    éínführende Worte — introductory words, words of introduction

    3) (als Neuerung) to introduce, to bring in; neue Mode to set, to start; Sitte to start
    4) (COMM) Waren, Devisen to import
    5) (ST EX) to list, to introduce (
    an +dat on)
    2. vr
    to introduce oneself

    sich gut/nicht gut éínführen — to make a good/bad (initial) impression, to get off to a good/bad start (inf)

    * * *
    2) ((often with into) to bring in (something new): Grey squirrels were introduced into Britain from Canada; Why did you introduce such a boring subject (into the conversation)?) introduce
    3) ((with to) to cause (a person) to get to know (a subject etc): Children are introduced to algebra at about the age of eleven.) introduce
    * * *
    ein|füh·ren
    I. vt
    ▪ etw \einführen to import sth
    2. (bekannt machen)
    ▪ etw [irgendwo] \einführen to introduce sth [somewhere]
    einen Artikel/eine Firma [auf dem Markt] \einführen to establish a product/company [on the market]
    ▪ jdn [in etw akk] \einführen to introduce sb [to sth] [or initiate sb [into sth]
    ▪ etw [in etw akk] \einführen to insert [or introduce] sth [into sth]
    II. vr
    ▪ sich akk [...] \einführen to make a [...] start
    sie hat sich gut eingeführt she's made a good start
    III. vi
    ▪ in etw akk \einführen to serve as an introduction [or insight] into sth
    ▪ \einführend introductory
    \einführende Worte introductory words, words of introduction
    * * *
    1.
    1) (importieren) import
    2) (als Neuerung) introduce <method, technology>
    3) (ein-, unterweisen) introduce (in + Akk. to)
    4) (hineinschieben) introduce, insert <catheter etc.> (in + Akk. into)
    2.
    reflexives Verb (Kaufmannsspr.) <shop, company> become established
    * * *
    einführen (trennb, hat -ge-)
    A. v/t
    1. als Neuerung: introduce (
    in +akk into); (Einrichtungen) establish, set up;
    das wollen wir gar nicht erst einführen umg we’re not going to start that sort of thing, we’re not having any of that
    2. WIRTSCH (Waren) import
    3. (jemanden) in Familie, Gesellschaft: introduce (
    in +akk into;
    bei jemandem to sb);
    jemanden bei Hofe einführen present sb at court;
    4. (jemanden) in Arbeit etc: introduce (
    in +akk to); (einweisen, vorstellen) initiate (into); (vertraut machen) familiarize (with); feierlich, in ein Amt: instal(l) (in)
    5. (etwas) in eine Öffnung etc: insert (
    in +akk into); (zuführen) (Draht, Leitung) feed in(to)
    B. v/r:
    sich gut einführen Person: make a good first impression; Ware: be successfully launched; → eingeführt
    * * *
    1.
    1) (importieren) import
    2) (als Neuerung) introduce <method, technology>
    3) (ein-, unterweisen) introduce (in + Akk. to)
    4) (hineinschieben) introduce, insert <catheter etc.> (in + Akk. into)
    2.
    reflexives Verb (Kaufmannsspr.) <shop, company> become established
    * * *
    v.
    to herald in v.
    to implement v.
    to inaugurate v.
    to induct v.
    to initiate v.
    to introduce v.
    to spearhead v.
    to superinduce v.
    to usher v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > einführen

  • 2 einführen

    ein|füh·ren
    vt
    etw \einführen to import sth
    etw [irgendwo] \einführen to introduce sth [somewhere];
    einen Artikel/eine Firma [auf dem Markt] \einführen to establish a product/company [on the market]
    3) (in Gebrauch nehmen, verordnen)
    etw [in etw dat] \einführen to introduce sth [in sth]
    jdn [in etw akk] \einführen to introduce sb [to sth] [or initiate sb [into sth]];
    etw [in etw akk] \einführen to insert [or introduce] sth [into sth]
    vr
    sich [...] \einführen to make a [...] start;
    sie hat sich gut eingeführt she's made a good start
    vi
    in etw \einführen akk to serve as an introduction [or insight] into sth;
    \einführend introductory;
    \einführende Worte introductory words, words of introduction

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > einführen

  • 3 служить в качестве вводной части

    General subject: serve as an introduction

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > служить в качестве вводной части

  • 4 лиха беда начало

    погов.
    it is only the beginning that's hard to get over; the beginnings are always hard; all things are difficult before they are easy; cf. it is the first step that counts (costs); well begun is half done; first blow is half the battle; a good beginning makes a good ending

    Большинцов. Говорят, в этих делах лиха беда начать, так нельзя ли того-с, мне для вступления в разговор - словечко, что ли, сообщить какое-нибудь приятное. (И. Тургенев, Месяц в деревне) — Bolshintsov: They say that in these matters it is the first step that counts. So couldn't you tell me something to serve as an introduction to the conversation? Some little word. Something pleasant.

    Русско-английский фразеологический словарь > лиха беда начало

  • 5 servicio

    m.
    1 service.
    hubo que recurrir a los servicios de un abogado we had to use the services of a lawyer
    servicio discrecional private service
    servicio a domicilio home delivery service
    servicio de inteligencia intelligence service
    servicio militar military service
    servicios mínimos skeleton service
    servicio de paquetería parcel service
    servicio posventa after-sales service
    servicio público public service
    servicio secreto secret service
    los servicios sociales the social services
    2 service (funcionamiento).
    entrar en servicio to come into service
    3 duty (turno).
    estar de servicio to be on duty
    4 servants (servidumbre).
    servicio doméstico domestic help
    ¿dónde están los servicios? where are the toilets?, where's the bathroom? (United States)
    6 services (economics).
    7 serve, service (sport).
    8 favor, favour, service, accommodation.
    9 rest room, restroom, toilet room, bathroom.
    10 utility, public utility.
    11 usefulness, workability, service, helpfulness.
    12 table setting.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: serviciar.
    * * *
    1 (gen) service
    2 (criados) servants plural; (asistente) domestic help
    3 (juego, conjunto) set
    4 (favor) service, favour (US favor)
    5 DEPORTE service, serve
    6 (Also servicios) (retrete) toilet, US rest room
    \
    entrar en servicio to come into service
    estar al servicio de alguien to be at somebody's service
    estar de servicio to be on duty
    hacer servicio / prestar servicio to do a favour (US favor)
    hacer un flaco servicio familiar to do more harm than good
    poner en servicio to put into operation
    servicio incluido service charge included
    servicio a domicilio home delivery service
    servicio de urgencias emergency service
    servicio militar military service
    servicios públicos public services, utilities
    * * *
    noun m.
    •
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=ayuda, atención)
    a) [a empresa, país] service

    • al servicio de, un agente secreto al servicio de la Corona — a secret agent in the service of the Crown

    • estar de servicio — to be on duty

    estar de servicio de guardia — (Mil) to be on guard duty

    • estar fuera o libre de servicio — to be off duty

    • prestar servicio — [gen] to work; (Mil) to serve

    b) [a cliente] service

    servicio a domicilio — we deliver, home delivery service

    c) [de tren, autobús] service

    servicio a bordo — [en avión] in-flight services pl ; [en barco, tren] services on board pl

    servicio de información, servicio de inteligencia — intelligence service

    servicio de orden — [en manifestación] stewards pl, marshals pl

    servicio de préstamo a domicilio — lending facility, home lending service

    estación 1)
    2) (=funcionamiento)

    • estar en servicio — to be in service

    • entrar en servicio — to come o go into service

    • fuera de servicio — out of service

    • poner en servicio — to put into service

    está previsto poner en servicio una segunda pista de aterrizaje — there are plans to open a second runway, there are plans to put a second runway into operation o service

    3) (=beneficio) service

    es un abrigo viejo, pero me hace mucho servicio — it's an old coat, but I get a lot of use out of it

    • hacer un flaco servicio a algn — to do sb a disservice

    4) (Mil) (tb: servicio militar) military service
    5) [en un hospital] department

    "servicio de pediatría" — "paediatric department"

    servicio de urgencias — accident and emergency department, casualty department

    6) pl servicios (Econ) public services
    7) (=retrete público) toilet, washroom (EEUU), restroom (EEUU)

    ¿dónde están los servicios? — where are the toilets?

    8) [en la mesa]
    a) [para cada comensal]
    b) (=juego) set

    servicio de café — coffee set, coffee service

    servicio de té — tea set, tea service

    9) (=servidumbre) (tb: servicio doméstico) (=personas) servants pl ; (=actividad) service, domestic service

    • escalera de servicio — service staircase

    • puerta de servicio — tradesman's entrance

    10) (Tenis) serve, service
    11) (Rel) service
    12) (Econ) [de una deuda] servicing
    13) LAm [de un automóvil] service

    le toca el servicio a los 3.000km — it's due (for) a service after 3000km

    * * *
    1)
    a) ( acción de servir) service

    servicio permanente or de 24 horas — round-the-clock o 24-hour service

    b) ( favor) favor*, service
    c) servicios masculino plural ( asistencia) services (pl)
    2)
    a) ( funcionamiento) service, use

    ¿cuándo entra en servicio la nueva estación depuradora? — when is the new purifying plant coming into operation o service?

    b) ( sistema) service
    3)
    a) ( en hospital) department

    servicio de urgencias — accident and emergency department, casualty department

    b) servicios masculino plural (Econ) public services (pl)
    4) (en restaurante, hotel)
    a) ( atención al cliente) service
    b) ( propina) service (charge)

    habitación or cuarto de servicio — servant's quarters (frml), maid's room

    6) (Mil) service
    7) ( retrete) restroom (AmE), bathroom (esp AmE), toilet (esp BrE)
    8)
    9) ( en tenis) service, serve
    10) (Relig) service
    11) (AmL) (Auto) service
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( acción de servir) service

    servicio permanente or de 24 horas — round-the-clock o 24-hour service

    b) ( favor) favor*, service
    c) servicios masculino plural ( asistencia) services (pl)
    2)
    a) ( funcionamiento) service, use

    ¿cuándo entra en servicio la nueva estación depuradora? — when is the new purifying plant coming into operation o service?

    b) ( sistema) service
    3)
    a) ( en hospital) department

    servicio de urgencias — accident and emergency department, casualty department

    b) servicios masculino plural (Econ) public services (pl)
    4) (en restaurante, hotel)
    a) ( atención al cliente) service
    b) ( propina) service (charge)

    habitación or cuarto de servicio — servant's quarters (frml), maid's room

    6) (Mil) service
    7) ( retrete) restroom (AmE), bathroom (esp AmE), toilet (esp BrE)
    8)
    9) ( en tenis) service, serve
    10) (Relig) service
    11) (AmL) (Auto) service
    * * *
    servicio1
    1 = toilet, washroom, bathroom, restroom [rest room], lavatory, public toilet, little boys room, little girls room, loo.

    Ex: Such things as the minimum room temperature within one hour of starting work, the adequacy of light and ventilation, toilet provision, fire regulations and exits are all well covered in considerable detail.

    Ex: The library office is in the basement, 'downstairs' as it is euphemistically referred to, along with a staff lounge, the washrooms, heating equipment, and electrical and janitor's closets.
    Ex: This article presents a brief guide to collection development in the area of renovating kitchens and bathrooms = This artículo presenta una guía breve para el desarrollo de la colección en los temas relacionados con la reforma de cocinas y cuartos de baño.
    Ex: Airport restrooms have become popular meeting places for men looking for sexual trysts with other men.
    Ex: One very elementary kind of invitation might be the introduction of lavatories in public libraries: a facility to be found in department stores, which are interested in service to valued customers.
    Ex: This paper presents arguments for and against libraries in the USA having condom dispensing machines in their public toilets.
    Ex: When I went to the little boys/girls room to relieve myself I was suprised to see the amount of loo rolls stashed in the corner.
    Ex: When I went to the little boys/ girls room to relieve myself I was suprised to see the amount of loo rolls stashed in the corner.
    Ex: Early on on a Friday night and three of the loos were out of order, the floor was covered in a layer of rancid water and it stank to high heaven.
    * servicios de señoras = women's room.

    servicio2
    2 = capability, facility, feature, service, servicing, utility, service charges, service facility.

    Ex: DOBIS/LIBIS contains a so-called 'help' capability.

    Ex: Apart from this additional facility Double-KWIC indexes have most of the facilities, features and drawbacks of KWIC and KWOC indexes.
    Ex: Electronic Maildrop is an online document ordering feature, where documents can be ordered from various suppliers.
    Ex: 'All aboard the orientation express' is a programme to introduce children to the services provided by the library and teach them to use the microfiche catalogue.
    Ex: There was also the difficulty that inter-departmental servicing was not undertaken in a co-operative, sharing, spirit.
    Ex: Situations where subdivisions might have had some utility are served by the co-ordination of index terms at the search stage.
    Ex: These prices include breakfast (full buffet including a large selection of hot and cold entrees, salads, cheeses, pastries, etc.) and all service charges.
    Ex: The author offer guidelines for managers and policy makers to aid the process of planning the establishment of data service facilities in a library.
    * abandonar los servicios de Alguien = drop out.
    * adscripción en comisión de servicios = secondment.
    * agencia de servicios = service agency.
    * al servicio de = at the service of.
    * al servicio de la nación = uniformed.
    * a + Posesivo + servicio = at + Posesivo + service.
    * arma de servicio = service weapon.
    * bibliotecario de servicios técnicos = technical services librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de los servicios dirigidos a la comunidad = community services librarian.
    * bibliotecario en servicios mínimos = duty librarian.
    * bienes y servicios = goods and services.
    * buscar los servicios de = engage.
    * calidad de los servicios = service quality.
    * calidad del servicio = service quality.
    * calidad en el servicio = quality performance, performance quality.
    * callejón de servicio = service road.
    * cambiar de servicio = churn.
    * cambio de servicio = churn.
    * carta de servicios = service offer.
    * centrado en el servicio = service-focused.
    * cobro de servicios = fee services.
    * cobro por servicios = fee services, fee for services.
    * cobro por servicios prestados = fee for services.
    * comercializar un servicio = market + service, broker + service.
    * conceder comisión de servicios = second.
    * Consejo de los Servicios de Biblioteconomía y Documentación (LISC) = Library and Information Services Council (LISC).
    * contratar los servicios de Alguien = enrol [enroll -USA].
    * convocatoria de oferta de servicios = invitation to tender (ITT).
    * dar servicio = service.
    * dar un servicio = do + service.
    * dedicado al servicio = service-oriented.
    * departamento de servicios técnicos = technical services department.
    * de servicio = on duty, on call.
    * de servicio a la sociedad = public-spirited.
    * de servicio al usuario = client-serving.
    * dirigir un servicio = run + service.
    * División de Servicios Bibliográficos de la Biblioteca Británica (BLBSD) = British Library Bibliographic Services Division (BLBSD).
    * empresa de servicios = service organisation, service agency, service company.
    * empresa de servicios de información = information broker, broker, information broking.
    * empresa de servicio social = social utility.
    * empresa de servicios públicos = public utility, utility company.
    * en comisión de servicios = seconded.
    * estación de servicio = gas station, petrol station, service station, gasoline station.
    * estando de servicio = while on the job.
    * ética de servicio = service ethic.
    * externalización de servicios = outsourcing [out-sourcing], externalisation of services.
    * falto de servicios = underserved.
    * fuera de servicio = off-duty, decomissioned, out of commission.
    * función de servicio = service function.
    * hueco de servicio = service core.
    * impuesto de bienes y servicios = goods and services tax.
    * industria de servicios = service industry.
    * industria de servicios financieros, la = financial services industry, the.
    * instalar un servicio = mount + service.
    * jefe de los servicios de información = chief information officer (CIO).
    * jefe del servicio de catalogación = cataloguing head.
    * jefe del servicio de referencia = reference head.
    * libre de servicio = off-duty.
    * montar un servicio = mount + service.
    * oferta de servicios = service provision, service offer.
    * oficial de servicio = duty officer.
    * ofrecer servicio = service.
    * ofrecer un servicio = operate + service, provide + service, do + service.
    * orientado al servicio de la gente = people-centred, people-centric.
    * orientado al servicio de las personas = people-centred.
    * orientado hacia el servicio = service orientated, service-focused.
    * orientar un servicio hacia = target + service.
    * período de servicio = tour of duty.
    * personal de servicios = service worker.
    * personas faltas de servicios, las = underserved, the.
    * por todo el servicio = service-wide.
    * prestación de servicios = service delivery.
    * prestar un servicio = operate + service, provide + service, render + service, give + service to, deliver + service, deliver + value, produce + the goods, do + service.
    * prestar un servicio a los usuarios = serve + patrons.
    * profesional dedicado al servicio = service professional.
    * profesional dedicado a prestar un servicio a la población = service professional.
    * profesión dedicada al servicio = service profession.
    * profesión dedicada al servicio de otros = helping profession.
    * profesión dedicada a prestar un servicio a la población = service profession.
    * promover un servicio = launch + service.
    * proveedor de servicios = service supplier, service provider.
    * proveedor de servicios de Internet = Internet provider.
    * Proveedor de Servicios de Internet (ISP) = ISP (Internet Service Provider).
    * punto de servicio = service point.
    * responsable del servicio de emergencias = emergency official.
    * responsable del servicio de referencia = reference administrator.
    * separación de servicios = unbundling.
    * servicio a domicilio = home delivery.
    * servicio a través de terceros = third-party service.
    * servicio a uno mismo = self-service.
    * servicio auxiliar de apoyo familiar = respite care.
    * servicio bibliográfico = bibliographic service, bibliographic utility.
    * servicio bibliotecario = library facility, library service.
    * servicio bibliotecario mediante pago = fee-based library service.
    * servicio bibliotecario penintenciario = prison library service.
    * servicio central = main site service.
    * servicio centralizado de control de publicaciones seriadas = consolidation service.
    * servicio comercial = commercial service, commercial vendor, charged service.
    * servicio comunitario = community service.
    * servicio de acceso público = public delivery service.
    * servicio de acompañante = escort service.
    * servicio de actualización permanente = current awareness, current-awareness service.
    * servicio de adquisiciones = acquisition routines, acquisition(s) service.
    * servicio de aduanas = customs and excise agency.
    * servicio de alerta = alert service.
    * servicio de aparcacoches = valet parking.
    * servicio de apoyo = backup service, support service.
    * servicio de asesoramiento = consulting service, counselling service, advisory service.
    * servicio de asesoramiento jurídico = legal aid service.
    * servicio de asistencia = provider service.
    * servicio de atención = advisory service.
    * servicio de atención al cliente = customer service, service department.
    * servicio de atención al cliente en su propio automóvil = drive-through (drive-thru).
    * servicio de atención al cliente por teléfono = call centre.
    * servicio de atención de día = day care.
    * servicio de autobuses = bus service.
    * servicio de ayuda = help desk [helpdesk], help facility.
    * servicio de búsqueda = search service.
    * servicio de canguros = baby-sitting service.
    * servicio de catalogación = cataloguing service.
    * servicio de compañía = escort service.
    * servicio de compra por televisión = teleshopping service.
    * servicio de compras = acquisition(s) service.
    * servicio de conexión a las redes = networking service.
    * servicio de correo = mail service.
    * servicio de correo electrónico = electronic mail service.
    * servicio de correos = postal service.
    * servicio de cuidado de día = day care.
    * servicio de difusión selectiva de la información = SDI service.
    * servicio de directorios = directory service.
    * servicio de distribución = host service.
    * servicio de documentación = documentation service.
    * servicio de emergencia = emergency service.
    * servicio de entrega de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).
    * servicio de envío = turnaround.
    * Servicio de Envío de Artículos Originales (OATS) = Original Article Tearsheet Service (OATS).
    * servicio de extensión bibliotecaria = outreach service, library extension work, extension service, outreach programme, reach out.
    * servicio de fotocopia = copying facilities.
    * servicio de fotocopias = photocopying service.
    * servicio de fotodocumentación = photocopying service.
    * servicio de habitaciones = room service.
    * servicio de impresión = offline print facility.
    * servicio de indización = indexing service.
    * servicio de indización de publicaciones periódicas = periodicals indexing service.
    * servicio de indización y resumen = indexing and abstracting service.
    * servicio de información = alerting device, information service, information delivery service, information utility.
    * servicio de información al consumidor = Consumer Advice Centre (CAC), consumer advisory service.
    * servicio de información ciudadana = community information service.
    * servicio de información electrónica = electronic information service.
    * servicio de información en línea = online information service.
    * servicio de información local = local information service.
    * servicio de información sectorial = sectoral information service.
    * servicio de informática = computing service.
    * servicio de inteligencia = intelligence community, intelligence agency.
    * servicio de jurado = jury duty.
    * servicio de libros a domicilio = homebound service.
    * servicio de limpieza = janitorial services.
    * servicio de mantenimiento técnico = support service.
    * servicio de mensajería = courier service.
    * servicio de microfilmación = microfilm service, microfilming service.
    * servicio de noticias = news service.
    * servicio de novedades = news alerts.
    * servicio de novedades a través del correo electrónico = e-mail alert.
    * servicio de orientación = referral service, advisory service.
    * servicio de orientación al lector = readers' advisory service point, readers' advisory service.
    * servicio de petición de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).
    * servicio de preparación = training facility.
    * servicio de préstamo = lending service, loaner service.
    * servicio de préstamo a domicilio = home lending service.
    * servicio de préstamo de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).
    * servicio de préstamo interbibliotecario = interlending service.
    * servicio de recuperación en línea = online retrieval service.
    * servicio de referencia = reference desk, reference service, enquiry service.
    * Servicio de Referencia Asistido por Ordenador (MARS) = MARS (Machine Assisted Reference Service).
    * servicio de referencia bibliotecario = library reference service.
    * servicio de referencia electrónica = electronic reference service [e-reference service].
    * servicio de referencia en vivo = live reference.
    * servicio de referencia por correo electrónico = electronic mail reference service.
    * servicio de registros MARC, el = MARC service, the.
    * servicio de reparto con furgoneta = van delivery service.
    * servicio de respuesta = turnaround.
    * servicio de restauración = caterer.
    * servicio de resúmenes = abstracting service.
    * servicio de salud pública = health service.
    * servicio de seguridad = security service.
    * servicio de suministro de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).
    * servicio de telefonía móvil = mobile telephone service, mobile phone service.
    * servicio de transferencia de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).
    * servicio de única ventanilla = one-stop service.
    * servicio doméstico = cleaning lady, domestic service, housekeeper.
    * servicio en la Guardia Nacional = National Guard duty.
    * servicio en línea = online service.
    * servicio especial de autobuses = bus shuttle service, bus shuttle, shuttle bus service, shuttle bus.
    * servicio especial de transporte = shuttle, shuttle service.
    * servicio exhaustivo = service in-depth.
    * servicio extra = frill.
    * servicio funerario = funeral service.
    * servicio gratis = frill.
    * servicio gratuito = free service.
    * servicio las 24 horas = 24 hour(s) service, 24 hour(s) service.
    * servicio médico = medical care, medical aid, medical assistance.
    * servicio meteorológico = meteorological service.
    * servicio metereológico = weather bureau, weather service.
    * servicio militar = military service, soldiering.
    * servicio militar obligatorio = conscription, compulsory military service, draft, the, military draft.
    * servicio nacional = domestic service.
    * servicio no incluido = hidden extra.
    * servicio postal = postal service, postal delivery service.
    * servicio postventa = after-sales service.
    * servicio público = amenity, public service, public utility, utility service.
    * servicio regional de sanidad = hospital board.
    * servicio relacionado con los libros = book service.
    * servicio religioso = ceremonial service.
    * servicio remoto = remote service.
    * servicios a lectores = readers' services.
    * servicios a los estudiantes = student services.
    * servicio sanitario = health service.
    * servicios automatizados = automation capabilities.
    * servicios básicos = amenities.
    * servicios bibliotecarios = library provision.
    * servicios bibliotecarios para jóvenes = youth services.
    * servicios bibliotecarios para los marginados = library services to the disadvantaged.
    * servicios bibliotecarios para los sordos = library services for the deaf.
    * servicios complementarios = added-value services.
    * servicios de asistencia = remedial services.
    * servicios de atención al estudiante = student services.
    * servicios de autopista = highway facilities.
    * servicios de cafetería = food services.
    * servicios de documentos secundarios = secondary services.
    * servicios de emergencia = emergency assistance.
    * servicios de extensión bibliotecaria = library outreach.
    * servicios de información = Information and Referral services.
    * servicios de información bibliográfica = bibliographical services.
    * servicios de información y referencia = I&R services (Information and Referral).
    * servicios de red de valor añadido (VANS) = value added network services (VANS).
    * servicios de trenes = rail facilities.
    * servicios mínimos = skeleton staff.
    * servicio social = social service.
    * servicio social sustitutorio = community service.
    * servicios orientados hacia el usuario final = end-user services.
    * servicios para adultos = adult services.
    * servicios sociales = human services, welfare services.
    * Servicios Técnicos y de Recursos para la Biblioteca (LRTS) = LRTS (Library Resources and Technical Services).
    * servicio técnico = technical service, technical support, tech support.
    * servicio telefónico = telephone service.
    * servicio universal = universal service.
    * servicio valioso = yeoman service.
    * solicitar un servicio = call on/upon + service.
    * suplemento por servicio = service charges.
    * suspender un servicio = withdraw + service.
    * tiempo fuera de servicio = downtime.
    * tipo de servicio = style of service.
    * trabajo de préstamo de servicios = service job.
    * un servicio las 24 horas = a 24-hour service.
    * valor afectivo del servicio = affect of service.
    * vender un servicio = market + service.
    * vía de servicio = service road.

    * * *
    A
    a partir del próximo lunes estaremos a su servicio en nuestro nuevo local from next Monday we will be open for business at our new premises
    durante la guerra prestó servicio como médico en el frente during the war he served as a doctor at the front
    le regalaron un reloj cuando cumplió 20 años de servicio he was given a watch when he completed 20 years' service
    estoy de servicio I'm on duty
    un policía libre de servicio an off-duty policeman
    [ S ] servicio permanente or de 24 horas round-the-clock o 24-hour service
    2 (favor) favor*, service
    al despedirte te hizo un gran servicio he did you a great service o favor by firing you ( colloq)
    me prestó un servicio inestimable recomendándome para el trabajo she did me a really good turn o a very great service by recommending me for the job
    3 servicios mpl (asistencia) services (pl)
    me ofreció sus servicios muy amablemente he kindly offered me his services
    pasó a prestar sus servicios como asesor legal he went on to work as a legal adviser
    recurrieron a los servicios de un abogado conocido they sought the advice of a well-known lawyer
    les agradecemos los servicios prestados we would like to thank you for all your work o help
    Compuestos:
    (home) delivery service
    customer service
    support services
    catering service
    (de datos, detalles) information service; ( Mil) intelligence service
    intelligence service
    cleaning service ( BrE)
    stewards (pl), marshals (pl)
    prevention service
    security service
    train service
    transportation service ( AmE), transport service ( BrE)
    ≈ coastguard service
    diplomatic service
    ( Esp) memorandum
    after-sales service
    public service
    secret service
    mpl news services (pl)
    mpl minimum o skeleton service
    social services (pl)
    B
    1 (funcionamiento) service, use
    han puesto en servicio el nuevo andén the new platform is now in use o is now open
    ¿cuándo entra en servicio la nueva estación depuradora? when is the new purifying plant coming into operation o service?
    han suspendido el servicio hasta nuevo aviso (the) service has been interrupted until further notice
    [ S ] fuera de servicio out of service
    2 (sistema) service
    servicio de teléfonos telephone service
    servicio de trenes train service
    servicio postal mail service ( AmE), postal service ( BrE)
    todos los servicios all the main services
    el servicio de la línea 19 es pésimo the number 19 is a terrible service
    C
    1 (en un hospital) department
    servicio de ginecología gynecology department
    servicio de urgencias accident and emergency department, casualty department ( BrE)
    es jefe del servicio de cirugía he is the chief surgeon
    2 servicios mpl ( Econ) public services (pl)
    una empresa del sector servicios a company in the public service sector
    D (en un restaurante, hotel)
    1 (atención) service
    una excelente carta y un servicio esmerado an excellent menu and impeccable service
    2 (propina) service, service charge
    [ S ] servicio e impuestos incluidos tax and service included
    no nos han cobrado el servicio they haven't charged for service
    E
    (servidumbre): sólo hablan de los problemas del servicio all they talk about is the problems of having servants
    se quedaron sin servicio they were left without any domestic help
    escalera de servicio service staircase
    entrada de servicio tradesmen's entrance
    habitación or cuarto de servicio servant's quarters (pl) ( frml), maid's room
    Compuesto:
    (actividad) domestic service; (personas) servants (pl), domestic staff
    siempre ha trabajado en servicio doméstico he has always worked in domestic service, he has been in service all his life
    F ( Mil) service
    estar en servicio to be in service
    Compuestos:
    active service
    military service
    aquí no hay servicio militar obligatorio there is no compulsory military service here
    G
    1 baño (retrete) washroom ( AmE), bathroom ( esp AmE), toilet ( esp BrE)
    ¿los servicios, por favor? can you tell me where the washrooms are, please?, can you tell me where the ladies'/gents' is please? ( BrE)
    2 (orinal) chamber pot
    H
    1 (de cubiertos) set of cutlery o flatware ( AmE)
    (de loza): servicio de café coffee set
    servicio de té tea service o set
    este juego no tiene servicio de pescado there are no fish knives in this canteen o set
    2 (individual) piece
    vajilla de doce servicios twelve-piece dinner service
    I (en tenis) service, serve
    servicio de Fortín Fortín to serve
    tiene que mejorar su servicio she needs to work on her serve
    J ( Econ, Fin) (de una deuda) servicing, service
    K ( Agr) service
    L ( Relig) service
    M ( AmL) ( Auto) service
    * * *

     

    servicio sustantivo masculino
    1


    estar de servicio [policía/bombero] to be on duty;
    servicio público public service;
    servicios informativos broadcasting services (pl)
    b) ( favor) favor( conjugate favor), service

    c)

    ◊ servicios sustantivo masculino plural ( asistencia) services (pl);

    me ofreció sus servicios he offered me his services
    2 ( funcionamiento) service, use;

    han puesto en servicio el nuevo andén the new platform is now in use o is now open
    3 ( en hospital) department;

    4 (en restaurante, hotel)


    5 ( servidumbre):

    cuarto de servicio servant's quarters ;

    (frml), maid's room;


    ( personas) servants (pl), domestic staff
    6 (Mil) service;

    7 ( retrete) restroom (AmE), bathroom (esp AmE), toilet (esp BrE)
    8 ( en tenis) service, serve
    9 (Relig) service
    (AmL) (Auto) service
    servicio sustantivo masculino
    1 service
    estar de servicio, to be on duty
    servicio a domicilio, delivery service
    servicio doméstico, domestic service
    servicio militar, military service
    fuera de servicio, out of order
    2 (utilidad) use: esa mesita me hace mucho servicio, this table is very useful
    3 (conjunto) en esta mesa falta un servicio, we need to set another place at the table
    servicio de café, coffee service
    4 (cuarto de baño) toilet sing, US rest room sing
    ' servicio' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acto
    - área
    - bloquear
    - camarera
    - camarero
    - cerrar
    - correo
    - dirigirse
    - disposición
    - encargar
    - exenta
    - exento
    - guardia
    - incluida
    - incluido
    - informatización
    - inteligencia
    - juventud
    - parque
    - postventa
    - posventa
    - prestar
    - prestación
    - supresión
    - suprimir
    - apto
    - asegurar
    - asistencia
    - atender
    - calidad
    - circular
    - cubierto
    - cumplir
    - doméstico
    - empleada
    - entrega
    - estación
    - exprés
    - favor
    - funcionamiento
    - funcionar
    - interrumpir
    - muchacha
    - operar
    - postal
    - puente
    - puerta
    - puesta
    - recluta
    - reparto
    English:
    after-sales
    - agent
    - answering service
    - around-the clock
    - auxiliary
    - bargain for
    - bargain on
    - bed
    - bog
    - break
    - breakdown
    - charge
    - commission
    - conscription
    - dissatisfaction
    - disservice
    - duty
    - excuse
    - foreign service
    - gent
    - ground
    - health service
    - inclusive
    - INS
    - intelligence
    - lousy
    - mail
    - National Health Service
    - off-duty
    - on
    - pay
    - privatize
    - public convenience
    - reinstate
    - room service
    - run
    - secret service
    - serve
    - service
    - service charge
    - shuttle
    - skeleton
    - support
    - toilet-train
    - toilet-training
    - tour
    - unit
    - use
    - utility
    - amenity
    * * *
    1. [prestación, asistencia, sistema] service;
    se ha suspendido el servicio en la línea 1 de autobús the number 1 bus isn't running today;
    hubo que recurrir a los servicios de una agencia inmobiliaria we had to use the services of Br an estate agent o US a real estate office;
    el servicio postal/hospitalario the postal/hospital service;
    lleva muchos años al servicio de la empresa she has worked for the company for several years;
    estamos a su servicio para lo que necesite we are at your service if you need anything;
    hacer o [m5] prestar un buen servicio a alguien [prenda, utensilio, aparato] to serve sb well;
    nos ha ofrecido sus servicios he has offered us his services;
    por los servicios prestados for services rendered;
    prestar servicio como o [m5]de to serve as
    Servicio de Administración Tributaria Br ≈ the Inland Revenue, US ≈ the IRS;
    servicio de atención al cliente customer service department;
    servicios bancarios banking services;
    servicio discrecional private service;
    servicio a domicilio home delivery service;
    servicios financieros financial services;
    servicios informativos [de cadena de radio, televisión] news service;
    servicio de inteligencia intelligence service;
    servicio en línea on-line service;
    servicio de mensajería courier service;
    servicio militar military service;
    hacer el servicio militar to do one's military service;
    servicios mínimos [en huelga] skeleton service;
    servicio de paquetería parcel service;
    servicio posventa after-sales service;
    servicio de prensa press department;
    servicio público public service;
    servicio religioso religious service;
    servicio secreto secret service;
    servicios sociales social services;
    servicio técnico technical assistance;
    servicio de urgencias Br casualty department, US emergency room;
    servicio de veinticuatro horas round-the-clock service
    2. [funcionamiento] service;
    entrar en servicio to come into service;
    estar fuera de servicio [máquina] to be out of order
    3. [servidumbre] servants;
    el servicio está fatal hoy en día you just can't find the staff these days
    servicio doméstico domestic help
    4. [turno] duty;
    estar de servicio to be on duty
    servicio activo [en el ejército] active service o duty
    5. [en tenis, squash] serve, service;
    primer/segundo servicio first/second serve o service;
    al servicio, Ríos Ríos to serve;
    mantener el servicio to hold one's serve
    6. [cubierto] place setting
    7. [juego de tazas, platos]
    servicio de café/té coffee/tea set;
    servicio de mesa dinner service
    8. [en restaurante] [atención al cliente] service;
    [recargo] service charge;
    dan un servicio pésimo the service is awful;
    el servicio está incluido service is included;
    servicio no incluido service is not included
    9.
    servicios [sector terciario] services;
    una empresa de servicios a services company;
    el sector servicios the services sector
    10. Esp [WC] toilet, US bathroom;
    ¿dónde están los servicios? where are the toilets?, US where's the bathroom?;
    el servicio de señoras/caballeros the ladies/gents
    * * *
    m
    1 service;
    estar al servicio de be at the service of;
    hacer un buen servicio a alguien do s.o. a great service;
    estar de servicio be on duty;
    2
    :
    servicios pl restroom sg, Br toilets
    :
    fuera de servicio TÉC out of order;
    poner en servicio put into service
    * * *
    1) : service
    2) saque: serve (in sports)
    3) servicios nmpl
    : restroom
    * * *
    1. (en general) service
    2. (aseo) toilet
    3. (en tenis) serve / service
    4. (asistente) domestic help

    Spanish-English dictionary > servicio

  • 6 avanzar

    v.
    1 to advance.
    las tropas continúan avanzando the troops are still advancing
    el tráfico no avanzaba the traffic wasn't moving
    Mi chico avanza en la escuela My boy advances in school.
    Ricardo avanzó las ventas Richard advanced=promoted sales.
    2 to make progress.
    está avanzando mucho en sus estudios she's making very good progress with her studies
    esta tecnología avanza a gran velocidad this technology is developing very quickly
    3 to pass (time).
    el tiempo avanza muy deprisa time passes quickly
    a medida que avanza el siglo as the century draws on
    4 to move forward.
    El coche avanza lentamente The car moves forward slowly.
    * * *
    1 to advance, go forward
    1 (mover adelante) to advance, move forward
    2 (dinero) to advance
    3 (promover) to promote
    4 (una propuesta) to put forward
    1 (adelantarse) to go forward, advance; (día, noche) to draw in
    * * *
    verb
    1) to advance, move forward
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=mover) to move forward, advance

    avanzó la ficha cuatro casillas — he moved the counter forward four spaces, he advanced the counter four spaces

    2) [+ dinero] to advance
    3) [+ opinión, propuesta] to put forward
    4) [+ resultado] to predict; [+ predicción] to make
    5) Caribe (=vomitar) to vomit
    2. VI
    1) (=ir hacia adelante) to advance, move forward

    no me esperéis, seguid avanzando — don't wait for me, carry on

    2) (=progresar) to make progress
    3) [noche, invierno] to draw on, approach
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    a) persona/tráfico to advance, move forward

    avanzar hacia la democracia — to move o advance toward(s) democracy

    b) ciencia/medicina to advance
    c) cinta/rollo to wind on
    d) persona (en los estudios, el trabajo) to make progress; negociaciones/proyecto to progress
    e) tiempo to draw on
    2.
    a) ( adelantarse) to move forward, advance
    b) ( mover) to move... forward, advance

    avanzó un peón — he moved o pushed a pawn forward

    c) < propuesta> to put forward
    * * *
    = gain + ground, get + far, go forward, make + gains, make + progress, move ahead, move on, move onwardly, move up, page (through), progress, advance, proceed, press on, come along, fast-forward, take + a step forward, get + ahead, move forward, make + step, take + strides, make + advances, develop, move along, get + unstuck, press forward (with), move + forward, go forth, make + headway.
    Ex. Standardisation of formats is less developed; however UNIMARC is gaining ground as a national exchange format, whilst USMARC is also used by university and public libraries.
    Ex. If scientific reasoning were limited to the logical processes of arithmetic, we should not get far in our understanding of the physical world.
    Ex. Thus, if you want to reply yes, enter a 'y'; if you want to go forward, enter 'f'.
    Ex. Expenditures in public libraries in the USA rose sharply in 1988 while use continued to make modest gains, with the greatest increase in juvenile loans.
    Ex. We could then simply alter our expectations accordingly, and exult in the progress we have made.
    Ex. It is impatient with Juctionville for its failure to move ahead as fast as it would like and is bothered by the city's drabness and general lack of class and culture.
    Ex. Rather readers grow by fits and starts now rushing ahead, now lying fallow, and now moving steadily on.
    Ex. In its simplest statement, the prime goal of any act of education is that it should serve us in the future... takes us somewhere... let us move onwardly more easily.
    Ex. Now we move up the chain providing index entries for each of the potentially sought terms.
    Ex. The system displays the records in brief format and the user can 'page' through the matches until the required record is found.
    Ex. It is normally taken to indicate that the document has been revised, if a work has progressed to a second or subsequent edition.
    Ex. All this is not to be impulsively regretted since specialized studies can advance in no other way, but synthesis becomes increasingly important and dishearteningly more difficult.
    Ex. Before we proceed to look at the operators in detail, a couple of examples may help to make the layout clearer.
    Ex. Hoping the gentler tone and the more relaxed manner meant that her anger was abating, the young man pressed on less apprehensively.
    Ex. However, we have not heard the final word by any means for there are new products and improved examples of existing products coming along.
    Ex. Modern machines have an automatic facility for fast-forward and rewind as well as a manual control for slower, more precise location of the required information on the microfilm.
    Ex. LCSH has taken a further step forward with the use of computer-controlled typesetting.
    Ex. Low-income urban families simply do not have any use for the traditional library or indeed any motivation for self-improvement and getting ahead = Las familias urbanas con ingresos bajos simplemente no tienen la necesidad de usar la biblioteca tradicional o de hecho no sienten motivación para la superación personal y para avanzar.
    Ex. This article argues the need to move forward with the infotech culture without abandoning the service culture.
    Ex. Schucking noted that early step when a child's 'imagination awakes, without corresponding development of the critical faculty,' a step most children make before they reach school age = Schucking se percató de ese primer paso en el niño cuando "se despierta su imaginación sin el correspondiente desarrollo de la capacidad crítica", un paso que dan la mayoría de los niños antes de alcanzar la edad escolar.
    Ex. In the half century since the publication of McKerrow's Introduction bibliography has taken giant strides in many directions.
    Ex. The author maintains that, aside from increasing computational speed, and thus real-time control, musically no advances have been made.
    Ex. The economics journal system has not grown and developed in a structured fashion, which has resulted in overspill into report literature.
    Ex. As university libraries move along this continuum they will become evolutionary, non-hierarchical, entrepreneurial and horizontal.
    Ex. In addition, students can use the glossary to get 'unstuck' while learning.
    Ex. The company is pressing forward with the construction of an environment and a system that permit all employees to demonstrate their full capabilities.
    Ex. Kuwait is not going backwards, but definitely not moving forward.
    Ex. Finally six men agreed to go forth in their underclothes and nooses around their necks in hopeful expectation that their sacrifice would satisfy the king's bloodlust and he would spare the rest of the citizens.
    Ex. Governments are making headway in negotiations aimed at reaching an ambitious and effective global greenhouse gas reduction treaty.
    ----
    * a medida que + avanzar + el año = as the year + wear on.
    * a medida que + avanzar + el día = as the day + wear on.
    * avanzar a duras penas = flounder, grind on.
    * avanzar a toda máquina = steam ahead, go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a toda mecha = go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a toda pastilla = steam ahead, go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a todo gas = steam ahead, go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a todo meter = go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a todo vapor = steam ahead, go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a trancas y barrancas = flounder, grind on.
    * avanzar a un ritmo vertiginoso = proceed + at a blistering pace.
    * avanzar con dificultad = wade through, limp, slog along, plod (along/through).
    * avanzar con gran dificultad = grind on.
    * avanzar en + Posesivo + trabajo = advance + Posesivo + work, advance + Posesivo + work.
    * avanzar en una carrera profesional = further + a career.
    * avanzar fácilmente = coast.
    * avanzar gradualmente (hacia) = edge (toward(s)).
    * avanzar hacia = move into, move toward(s).
    * avanzar hacia abajo = work + Posesivo + way down.
    * avanzar lentamente = creep, creep along.
    * avanzar lenta y pesadamente = trundle.
    * avanzar mucho = travel + a long way down the road.
    * avanzar muy despacio = creep, creep along.
    * avanzar poco a poco = shuffle along.
    * avanzar poco a poco (hacia) = edge (toward(s)).
    * avanzar profesionalmente dentro de la institución = rise through + the ranks.
    * avanzar rápidamente = gallop.
    * avanzar viento en popa = steam ahead.
    * conforme + avanzar + el año = as the year + wear on.
    * conforme + avanzar + el día = as the day + wear on.
    * dar vueltas sin avanzar = go round in + circles.
    * hacer avanzar = nudge + Nombre + forward, push + the frontiers of, nudge + Nombre + along, nudge + Nombre + into, push + the boundaries of.
    * hacer avanzar el conocimiento = push back + the frontiers of knowledge.
    * hacer avanzar hacia = nudge + Nombre + toward.
    * hacer que + Nombre + avance = take + Nombre + a/one step forward.
    * no avanzar = tread + water.
    * no avanzar más = go + no further.
    * que avanza lentamente = crawling.
    * que avanza rápidamente = fast-developing.
    * seguir avanzando = forge + ahead, forge + forward.
    * tiempo + avanzar inexorablemente = time + march on.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    a) persona/tráfico to advance, move forward

    avanzar hacia la democracia — to move o advance toward(s) democracy

    b) ciencia/medicina to advance
    c) cinta/rollo to wind on
    d) persona (en los estudios, el trabajo) to make progress; negociaciones/proyecto to progress
    e) tiempo to draw on
    2.
    a) ( adelantarse) to move forward, advance
    b) ( mover) to move... forward, advance

    avanzó un peón — he moved o pushed a pawn forward

    c) < propuesta> to put forward
    * * *
    = gain + ground, get + far, go forward, make + gains, make + progress, move ahead, move on, move onwardly, move up, page (through), progress, advance, proceed, press on, come along, fast-forward, take + a step forward, get + ahead, move forward, make + step, take + strides, make + advances, develop, move along, get + unstuck, press forward (with), move + forward, go forth, make + headway.

    Ex: Standardisation of formats is less developed; however UNIMARC is gaining ground as a national exchange format, whilst USMARC is also used by university and public libraries.

    Ex: If scientific reasoning were limited to the logical processes of arithmetic, we should not get far in our understanding of the physical world.
    Ex: Thus, if you want to reply yes, enter a 'y'; if you want to go forward, enter 'f'.
    Ex: Expenditures in public libraries in the USA rose sharply in 1988 while use continued to make modest gains, with the greatest increase in juvenile loans.
    Ex: We could then simply alter our expectations accordingly, and exult in the progress we have made.
    Ex: It is impatient with Juctionville for its failure to move ahead as fast as it would like and is bothered by the city's drabness and general lack of class and culture.
    Ex: Rather readers grow by fits and starts now rushing ahead, now lying fallow, and now moving steadily on.
    Ex: In its simplest statement, the prime goal of any act of education is that it should serve us in the future... takes us somewhere... let us move onwardly more easily.
    Ex: Now we move up the chain providing index entries for each of the potentially sought terms.
    Ex: The system displays the records in brief format and the user can 'page' through the matches until the required record is found.
    Ex: It is normally taken to indicate that the document has been revised, if a work has progressed to a second or subsequent edition.
    Ex: All this is not to be impulsively regretted since specialized studies can advance in no other way, but synthesis becomes increasingly important and dishearteningly more difficult.
    Ex: Before we proceed to look at the operators in detail, a couple of examples may help to make the layout clearer.
    Ex: Hoping the gentler tone and the more relaxed manner meant that her anger was abating, the young man pressed on less apprehensively.
    Ex: However, we have not heard the final word by any means for there are new products and improved examples of existing products coming along.
    Ex: Modern machines have an automatic facility for fast-forward and rewind as well as a manual control for slower, more precise location of the required information on the microfilm.
    Ex: LCSH has taken a further step forward with the use of computer-controlled typesetting.
    Ex: Low-income urban families simply do not have any use for the traditional library or indeed any motivation for self-improvement and getting ahead = Las familias urbanas con ingresos bajos simplemente no tienen la necesidad de usar la biblioteca tradicional o de hecho no sienten motivación para la superación personal y para avanzar.
    Ex: This article argues the need to move forward with the infotech culture without abandoning the service culture.
    Ex: Schucking noted that early step when a child's 'imagination awakes, without corresponding development of the critical faculty,' a step most children make before they reach school age = Schucking se percató de ese primer paso en el niño cuando "se despierta su imaginación sin el correspondiente desarrollo de la capacidad crítica", un paso que dan la mayoría de los niños antes de alcanzar la edad escolar.
    Ex: In the half century since the publication of McKerrow's Introduction bibliography has taken giant strides in many directions.
    Ex: The author maintains that, aside from increasing computational speed, and thus real-time control, musically no advances have been made.
    Ex: The economics journal system has not grown and developed in a structured fashion, which has resulted in overspill into report literature.
    Ex: As university libraries move along this continuum they will become evolutionary, non-hierarchical, entrepreneurial and horizontal.
    Ex: In addition, students can use the glossary to get 'unstuck' while learning.
    Ex: The company is pressing forward with the construction of an environment and a system that permit all employees to demonstrate their full capabilities.
    Ex: Kuwait is not going backwards, but definitely not moving forward.
    Ex: Finally six men agreed to go forth in their underclothes and nooses around their necks in hopeful expectation that their sacrifice would satisfy the king's bloodlust and he would spare the rest of the citizens.
    Ex: Governments are making headway in negotiations aimed at reaching an ambitious and effective global greenhouse gas reduction treaty.
    * a medida que + avanzar + el año = as the year + wear on.
    * a medida que + avanzar + el día = as the day + wear on.
    * avanzar a duras penas = flounder, grind on.
    * avanzar a toda máquina = steam ahead, go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a toda mecha = go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a toda pastilla = steam ahead, go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a todo gas = steam ahead, go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a todo meter = go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a todo vapor = steam ahead, go + full steam ahead.
    * avanzar a trancas y barrancas = flounder, grind on.
    * avanzar a un ritmo vertiginoso = proceed + at a blistering pace.
    * avanzar con dificultad = wade through, limp, slog along, plod (along/through).
    * avanzar con gran dificultad = grind on.
    * avanzar en + Posesivo + trabajo = advance + Posesivo + work, advance + Posesivo + work.
    * avanzar en una carrera profesional = further + a career.
    * avanzar fácilmente = coast.
    * avanzar gradualmente (hacia) = edge (toward(s)).
    * avanzar hacia = move into, move toward(s).
    * avanzar hacia abajo = work + Posesivo + way down.
    * avanzar lentamente = creep, creep along.
    * avanzar lenta y pesadamente = trundle.
    * avanzar mucho = travel + a long way down the road.
    * avanzar muy despacio = creep, creep along.
    * avanzar poco a poco = shuffle along.
    * avanzar poco a poco (hacia) = edge (toward(s)).
    * avanzar profesionalmente dentro de la institución = rise through + the ranks.
    * avanzar rápidamente = gallop.
    * avanzar viento en popa = steam ahead.
    * conforme + avanzar + el año = as the year + wear on.
    * conforme + avanzar + el día = as the day + wear on.
    * dar vueltas sin avanzar = go round in + circles.
    * hacer avanzar = nudge + Nombre + forward, push + the frontiers of, nudge + Nombre + along, nudge + Nombre + into, push + the boundaries of.
    * hacer avanzar el conocimiento = push back + the frontiers of knowledge.
    * hacer avanzar hacia = nudge + Nombre + toward.
    * hacer que + Nombre + avance = take + Nombre + a/one step forward.
    * no avanzar = tread + water.
    * no avanzar más = go + no further.
    * que avanza lentamente = crawling.
    * que avanza rápidamente = fast-developing.
    * seguir avanzando = forge + ahead, forge + forward.
    * tiempo + avanzar inexorablemente = time + march on.

    * * *
    avanzar [A4 ]
    vi
    1 «tropas/persona/tráfico» to advance, move forward avanzar HACIA algo:
    las tropas avanzan hacia la capital the troops are advancing on the capital
    el país avanza hacia la democracia the country is moving o advancing toward(s) democracy
    2 ( Fot) «rollo» to wind on
    3 «persona» (en los estudios, el trabajo) to make progress; «negociaciones/proyecto» to progress
    no estoy avanzando mucho con este trabajo I'm not making much progress o headway o I'm not getting very far with this work
    4 «tiempo» to draw on
    ■ avanzar
    vt
    1 (adelantarse) to move forward, advance
    avanzaron unos pasos they moved forward o advanced a few steps, they took a few steps forward
    2 (mover) to move … forward, advance
    avanzó un peón he moved o pushed a pawn forward, he advanced a pawn
    3 ‹propuesta› to put forward
    * * *

     

    avanzar ( conjugate avanzar) verbo intransitivo
    a) [persona/tráfico] to advance, move forward

    b) [ciencia/medicina] to advance

    c) [cinta/rollo] to wind on

    d) [ persona] (en los estudios, el trabajo) to make progress;

    [negociaciones/proyecto] to progress

    verbo transitivo

    b) ( mover) to move … forward, advance

    avanzar verbo transitivo to advance, make progress
    ' avanzar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    sacudida
    - salto
    - tantear
    - adelantar
    English:
    advance
    - come forward
    - crawl
    - edge
    - freewheel
    - go forward
    - headway
    - move
    - move along
    - pace
    - proceed
    - progress
    - struggle along
    - struggle on
    - surge
    - wind
    - fast
    - head
    - hover
    - inch
    - lumber
    - scroll
    - somewhere
    * * *
    ♦ vi
    1. [moverse] to advance;
    las tropas continúan avanzando the troops are still advancing;
    el tráfico no avanzaba the traffic wasn't moving
    2. [progresar] to make progress;
    está avanzando mucho en sus estudios she's making very good progress with her studies;
    esta tecnología avanza a gran velocidad this technology is developing very quickly
    3. [tiempo] to pass;
    el tiempo avanza muy deprisa time passes very quickly;
    a medida que avanza el siglo as the century draws on
    4. [carrete] to wind on
    ♦ vt
    1. [adelantar] to move forward;
    las tropas avanzaron sus posiciones the troops advanced their position;
    avanzaron varias posiciones en la clasificación de liga they moved up several places in the league
    2. [noticias]
    avanzar algo a alguien to inform sb of sth in advance;
    les avanzó los resultados del estudio she informed them of the results of the study before it was published
    3. [carrete] to wind on
    * * *
    I v/t
    1 move forward, advance;
    avanzar un pie take a step forward
    2 dinero advance
    II v/i
    1 advance, move forward; MIL advance ( hacia on)
    2 en trabajo make progress
    * * *
    avanzar {21} v
    : to advance, to move forward
    * * *
    1. (progresar) to make progress / to get on
    2. (ir hacia delante) to advance / to move forward

    Spanish-English dictionary > avanzar

  • 7 desconocido

    adj.
    1 unknown, anonymous, unfamiliar, obscure.
    2 undiscovered, strange, uncharted.
    f. & m.
    stranger, unidentified individual, unknown individual.
    past part.
    past participle of spanish verb: desconocer.
    * * *
    1→ link=desconocer desconocer
    1 (no conocido) unknown
    2 (no reconocido) unrecognized
    3 (extraño) strange, unfamiliar
    ► nombre masculino,nombre femenino
    1 stranger, unknown person
    1 the unknown
    \
    estar desconocido,-a to be unrecognizable
    * * *
    1. (f. - desconocida)
    noun
    2. (f. - desconocida)
    adj.
    * * *
    desconocido, -a
    1. ADJ
    1) [gen] unknown
    2)

    estar desconocido: con ese traje estás desconocido — I'd hardly recognize you o you're unrecognizable in that suit

    después del divorcio está desconocido — he's a changed person o he's like a different person since the divorce

    2.
    SM / F stranger
    * * *
    I
    - da adjetivo
    a) <hecho/método/sensación> unknown
    b) <artista/atleta> unknown
    c) < persona> ( extraño)
    d) (fam) ( irreconocible)

    ahora hasta plancha, está desconocido — he's like a different man, he even does the ironing

    II
    - da masculino, femenino
    a) ( no conocido) stranger
    * * *
    = stranger, unfamiliar, unheard of, unidentified, unknown, unrecognised [unrecognized, -USA], outsider, uncharted, unchartered, unheard, unnoticed, unnoted, nomen nescio [N.N.].
    Ex. Many Americans viewed this influx of strangers with alarm.
    Ex. We are used to background noise in air conditioned buildings but the introduction of additional and unfamiliar sounds from AV equipment may be disturbing.
    Ex. Hypermedia offers unheard of opportunities to gain insight into the way young people perceive, process and use information.
    Ex. Names of speakers from the audience which were not clear from the tapes are listed as ' unidentified'.
    Ex. Works with unknown or uncertain personal authorship, or works emanating from a body that lacks a name are to be entered under title.
    Ex. It is undeniable that the ripest crop of unrecognised great inventors, long-lost heirs to dormant peerages, and assorted harmless drudges is to be gathered in the great general libraries of our major cities.
    Ex. The library director does not want to take the chance that by allowing the trustees to get active he might lose partial control of the library operation to an 'outsider'.
    Ex. News of boundless timber reserves spread, and before long lumberjacks from the thinning hardwood forests of New England swarmed into the uncharted area with no other possessions than their axes and brawn and the clothing they wore.
    Ex. This author agrees that the facts listed above are unchartered.
    Ex. As professionals are informed about the often unspoken and unheard stories relating to hearing loss, they can then serve with greater knowledge, empathy, and hope.
    Ex. By retrieving and bringing together these two literatures, that implicit unstated, and perhaps unnoticed hypothesis becomes apparent.
    Ex. This approach draws attention to hitherto unnoted relationships among concepts.
    Ex. Nomen nescio, abbreviated to N.N., is used to signify an anonymous or non-specific person.
    ----
    * algo desconocido = virgin territory.
    * de causas desconocidas = idiopathic.
    * desconocido, lo = unfamiliar, the, unknown, the.
    * Dimensión Desconocida = The Twilight Zone.
    * hablar en lengua desconocida = talk in + tongues.
    * líquido desconocido = foreign substance.
    * miedo a lo desconocido = fear of the unknown.
    * miedo hacia lo desconocido = fear of the unknown.
    * moverse en terreno desconocido = be out of + Posesivo + depth, be in over + Posesivo + head.
    * pisar terreno desconocido = be out of + Posesivo + depth, be in over + Posesivo + head.
    * producto desconocido = foreign substance.
    * salto hacia lo desconocido = leap into + the unknown.
    * ser desconocido para = be alien to.
    * ser un desconocido = not know + Pronombre + from Adam.
    * sustancia desconocida = foreign substance.
    * terreno desconocido = unchartered territory, unchartered waters.
    * territorio desconocido = unfamiliar territory, unchartered territory, unchartered waters.
    * * *
    I
    - da adjetivo
    a) <hecho/método/sensación> unknown
    b) <artista/atleta> unknown
    c) < persona> ( extraño)
    d) (fam) ( irreconocible)

    ahora hasta plancha, está desconocido — he's like a different man, he even does the ironing

    II
    - da masculino, femenino
    a) ( no conocido) stranger
    * * *
    = stranger, unfamiliar, unheard of, unidentified, unknown, unrecognised [unrecognized, -USA], outsider, uncharted, unchartered, unheard, unnoticed, unnoted, nomen nescio [N.N.].

    Ex: Many Americans viewed this influx of strangers with alarm.

    Ex: We are used to background noise in air conditioned buildings but the introduction of additional and unfamiliar sounds from AV equipment may be disturbing.
    Ex: Hypermedia offers unheard of opportunities to gain insight into the way young people perceive, process and use information.
    Ex: Names of speakers from the audience which were not clear from the tapes are listed as ' unidentified'.
    Ex: Works with unknown or uncertain personal authorship, or works emanating from a body that lacks a name are to be entered under title.
    Ex: It is undeniable that the ripest crop of unrecognised great inventors, long-lost heirs to dormant peerages, and assorted harmless drudges is to be gathered in the great general libraries of our major cities.
    Ex: The library director does not want to take the chance that by allowing the trustees to get active he might lose partial control of the library operation to an 'outsider'.
    Ex: News of boundless timber reserves spread, and before long lumberjacks from the thinning hardwood forests of New England swarmed into the uncharted area with no other possessions than their axes and brawn and the clothing they wore.
    Ex: This author agrees that the facts listed above are unchartered.
    Ex: As professionals are informed about the often unspoken and unheard stories relating to hearing loss, they can then serve with greater knowledge, empathy, and hope.
    Ex: By retrieving and bringing together these two literatures, that implicit unstated, and perhaps unnoticed hypothesis becomes apparent.
    Ex: This approach draws attention to hitherto unnoted relationships among concepts.
    Ex: Nomen nescio, abbreviated to N.N., is used to signify an anonymous or non-specific person.
    * algo desconocido = virgin territory.
    * de causas desconocidas = idiopathic.
    * desconocido, lo = unfamiliar, the, unknown, the.
    * Dimensión Desconocida = The Twilight Zone.
    * hablar en lengua desconocida = talk in + tongues.
    * líquido desconocido = foreign substance.
    * miedo a lo desconocido = fear of the unknown.
    * miedo hacia lo desconocido = fear of the unknown.
    * moverse en terreno desconocido = be out of + Posesivo + depth, be in over + Posesivo + head.
    * pisar terreno desconocido = be out of + Posesivo + depth, be in over + Posesivo + head.
    * producto desconocido = foreign substance.
    * salto hacia lo desconocido = leap into + the unknown.
    * ser desconocido para = be alien to.
    * ser un desconocido = not know + Pronombre + from Adam.
    * sustancia desconocida = foreign substance.
    * terreno desconocido = unchartered territory, unchartered waters.
    * territorio desconocido = unfamiliar territory, unchartered territory, unchartered waters.

    * * *
    1 ‹razón/hecho› unknown; ‹métodos/sensación› unknown
    por razones desconocidas vendió todo y se fue for some unknown reason he sold up and left
    partió con destino desconocido she set off for an unknown destination
    su rostro no me era del todo desconocido his face wasn't wholly unfamiliar to me
    una sensación de terror hasta entonces desconocida a feeling of terror the like of which I/he had never experienced before
    técnicas hasta ahora desconocidas hitherto unknown techniques
    su obra es prácticamente desconocida en Europa her work is practically unknown in Europe
    de origen desconocido of unknown origin
    lo desconocido siempre lo ha intrigado he has always been fascinated by the unknown
    2 ‹artista/atleta› unknown
    3 ‹persona›
    (extraño): una persona desconocida a stranger
    4 ( fam)
    (irreconocible): con ese peinado nuevo está desconocida she's unrecognizable o totally changed with her new hairstyle
    ahora hasta plancha, está desconocido he's like a different man o he's a changed person, he even does the ironing
    masculine, feminine
    1 (no conocido) stranger
    no hables con desconocidos don't talk to strangers
    2
    (no identificado): fue atacado por unos desconocidos he was attacked by unknown assailants
    un desconocido le asestó una puñalada he was stabbed by an unidentified person o by someone whose identity has not been established
    * * *

     

    Del verbo desconocer: ( conjugate desconocer)

    desconocido es:

    el participio

    Multiple Entries:
    desconocer    
    desconocido
    desconocer ( conjugate desconocer) verbo transitivo
    a) ( no conocer):


    desconocía este hecho I was unaware of this fact


    desconocido
    ◊ -da adjetivo ( en general) unknown;

    un cantante desconocido an unknown singer;
    una persona desconocida a stranger
    ■ sustantivo masculino, femenino ( no conocido) stranger
    desconocer verbo transitivo
    1 (no saber) not to know, to be unaware of
    2 (no reconocer, encontrar muy cambiado) to fail to recognize: ¿tú maquillada?, te desconozco, you with make up?, I can hardly recognize you
    desconocido,-a
    I adjetivo
    1 unknown
    una voz desconocida, an unfamiliar voice
    2 (irreconocible) unrecognizable: estás desconocida, you have changed a lot
    II sustantivo masculino y femenino stranger
    III sustantivo masculino lo desconocido, the unknown

    ' desconocido' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    anónima
    - anónimo
    - desconocida
    - incierta
    - incierto
    - inédita
    - inédito
    - paradero
    - extraño
    - miedo
    - perfecto
    English:
    mate
    - obscure
    - strange
    - stranger
    - undiscovered
    - unfamiliar
    - unknown
    - blind
    - outsider
    - perfect
    * * *
    desconocido, -a
    ♦ adj
    1. [no conocido] unknown;
    su cine es del todo desconocido en Europa his movies are totally unknown in Europe;
    elementos químicos entonces desconocidos chemical elements then unknown;
    una enfermedad hasta ahora desconocida a hitherto unknown illness;
    por causas todavía desconocidas for reasons as yet unknown o which are still unknown;
    nació en 1821, de padre desconocido he was born in 1821, and it is not known who his father was;
    el mundo de lo desconocido the world of the unknown;
    2. [extraño]
    no dé su teléfono o dirección a personas desconocidas don't give your telephone number or address to strangers
    3. [sin fama] unknown;
    escritores jóvenes, casi desconocidos young, almost unknown, writers
    4. [muy cambiado]
    estar desconocido to have changed beyond all recognition;
    ¿ya no fumas ni bebes? ¡chico, estás desconocido! you don't smoke or drink any more? well, well, you're a changed man!;
    el viejo bar estaba desconocido the old bar was unrecognizable;
    así, sin gafas, estás desconocido like that, with no glasses, you're unrecognizable
    ♦ nm,f
    1. [extraño] stranger;
    hablar con un desconocido to talk to a stranger;
    no le abras la puerta a desconocidos don't open the door to strangers
    2. [persona sin fama] unknown;
    le dieron el premio a un (perfecto) desconocido they gave the prize to a complete unknown
    3. [persona sin identificar] unidentified person;
    un desconocido le disparó un tiro en la cabeza he was shot in the head by an unknown assailant;
    tres desconocidos prendieron fuego a varias tiendas several shops were set on fire by three unidentified persons
    * * *
    I adj unknown
    II m, desconocida f stranger
    * * *
    desconocido, -da adj
    : unknown, unfamiliar
    desconocido, -da n
    extraño: stranger
    * * *
    1. (no conocido) unknown
    2. (extraño) strange / unfamiliar
    desconocido2 n stranger

    Spanish-English dictionary > desconocido

  • 8 diplomatura

    f.
    similar diploma (education).
    * * *
    See:
    * * *
    = bachelor's degree, first degree, honours degree, honours programme, undergraduate programme, honours course, undergraduate major, major, undergraduate degree.
    Ex. He received his bachelor's degree from UCLA and a master's degree in librarianship from Catholic University.
    Ex. Many of these latter types of courses are intended to serve as conversion or re-orientation courses for people with first degree in related subject areas.
    Ex. This paper describes the new honours degree in Applied Social Studies at the Polytechnic of North London.
    Ex. Other educators created honors programs that expanded even more rapidly after World War II.
    Ex. The university is planning a new undergraduate programme in information studies.
    Ex. However, the new department's main success has been with the introduction of an undergraduate single honours course by distance learning.
    Ex. This largish university has more than 20,000 students and offers over 200 undergraduate majors, over 100 master's degree options, and 17 doctoral degree programmes.
    Ex. The longitudinal study suggests that students change majors, select programs, and complete courses that are congruent with their cognitive styles.
    Ex. Political science was the most popular undergraduate degree for lawyers working in all sectors, followed either by education or arts and letters.
    ----
    * biblioteca de diplomatura = undergraduate library.
    * curso de diplomatura = undergraduate course, honours course.
    * diplomatura (en ciencias) = B.Sc. degree (Bachelor of Science).
    * diplomatura en humanidades = B.A. (Bachelor of Arts), B.A. degree.
    * estudiante de diplomatura = undergraduate, undergraduate student, honours student.
    * estudiante posterior a la diplomatura = postgraduate student.
    * relativo a los estudios de diplomatura = undergrad (undergraduate).
    * * *
    diplomatura (en ciencias)
    (n.) = B.Sc. degree (Bachelor of Science)

    Ex: There are more than 20 LIS schools in the Arab world and they grant diplomas, B.Sc. degrees, Master degrees and Ph.D.

    = bachelor's degree, first degree, honours degree, honours programme, undergraduate programme, honours course, undergraduate major, major, undergraduate degree.

    Ex: He received his bachelor's degree from UCLA and a master's degree in librarianship from Catholic University.

    Ex: Many of these latter types of courses are intended to serve as conversion or re-orientation courses for people with first degree in related subject areas.
    Ex: This paper describes the new honours degree in Applied Social Studies at the Polytechnic of North London.
    Ex: Other educators created honors programs that expanded even more rapidly after World War II.
    Ex: The university is planning a new undergraduate programme in information studies.
    Ex: However, the new department's main success has been with the introduction of an undergraduate single honours course by distance learning.
    Ex: This largish university has more than 20,000 students and offers over 200 undergraduate majors, over 100 master's degree options, and 17 doctoral degree programmes.
    Ex: The longitudinal study suggests that students change majors, select programs, and complete courses that are congruent with their cognitive styles.
    Ex: Political science was the most popular undergraduate degree for lawyers working in all sectors, followed either by education or arts and letters.
    * biblioteca de diplomatura = undergraduate library.
    * curso de diplomatura = undergraduate course, honours course.
    * diplomatura (en ciencias) = B.Sc. degree (Bachelor of Science).
    * diplomatura en humanidades = B.A. (Bachelor of Arts), B.A. degree.
    * estudiante de diplomatura = undergraduate, undergraduate student, honours student.
    * estudiante posterior a la diplomatura = postgraduate student.
    * relativo a los estudios de diplomatura = undergrad (undergraduate).

    * * *
    (en Esp) former university qualification, gained after three years
    * * *

    diplomatura f Univ degree: tiene una diplomatura en Biología, he holds a degree in Biology
    ' diplomatura' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    diplomada
    - diplomado
    English:
    degree
    * * *
    Educ diploma [qualification obtained after three years of university study]
    * * *
    f diploma

    Spanish-English dictionary > diplomatura

  • 9 fortalecer

    v.
    to strengthen.
    El alimento fortaleció a los bebés The food strengthened the babies.
    La convivencia fortaleció los lazos The retreat strengthened the bonds.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ AGRADECER], like link=agradecer agradecer
    1 to fortify, strengthen
    1 to strengthen, become stronger
    * * *
    verb
    to fortify, strengthen
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=reforzar) [+ músculos, uña] to strengthen
    2) [+ divisa, sistema, posición] to strengthen
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) <organismo/músculos> to strengthen, make... stronger
    b) <relación/amistad> to strengthen
    c) (Mil) ( reforzar) to reinforce
    2.
    fortalecerse v pron organismo/músculo to get stronger; espíritu to grow stronger
    * * *
    = boost, strengthen, empower, fortify, invigorate, bring + strength, beef up, cement, place + Nombre + on a firmer footing, buff up.
    Ex. If the title is selected by a book club this helps boost the print-run and overall sales.
    Ex. He proposes a research agenda that could strengthen archival appraisal and the profession's ability to document society.
    Ex. Literacy empowers people and can be a force for peace.
    Ex. Must she fortify herself with an arsenal of stratagems in order to survive?.
    Ex. This is a national project aimed at invigorating the rural economy through the introduction of agricultural and related technologies to farmers.
    Ex. A shift of emphasis from facts to people brings strength and purpose to library operations.
    Ex. The author advocates that the Canadian LA needs rehashing and beefing up = El autor postula que la Asociación de Bibliotecarios Canadiense necesita reestructurarse y fortalecerse.
    Ex. An in-house bulletin may serve to cement firm relationships with the library's personnel.
    Ex. Information security management has been placed on a firmer footing with the publication of standards by national bodies.
    Ex. As a general rule, you can ' buff up' your look by making your shoulders seem wider and your waist narrower.
    ----
    * fortalecer el ego = provide + ego boost.
    * fortalecer la confianza = bolster + confidence, boost + Posesivo + confidence.
    * fortalecer la relación = strengthen + links.
    * fortalecer los cimientos = strengthen + foundations.
    * fortalecer los lazos = strengthen + links.
    * fortalecerse = draw + strength from, take + heart, gain + strength.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) <organismo/músculos> to strengthen, make... stronger
    b) <relación/amistad> to strengthen
    c) (Mil) ( reforzar) to reinforce
    2.
    fortalecerse v pron organismo/músculo to get stronger; espíritu to grow stronger
    * * *
    = boost, strengthen, empower, fortify, invigorate, bring + strength, beef up, cement, place + Nombre + on a firmer footing, buff up.

    Ex: If the title is selected by a book club this helps boost the print-run and overall sales.

    Ex: He proposes a research agenda that could strengthen archival appraisal and the profession's ability to document society.
    Ex: Literacy empowers people and can be a force for peace.
    Ex: Must she fortify herself with an arsenal of stratagems in order to survive?.
    Ex: This is a national project aimed at invigorating the rural economy through the introduction of agricultural and related technologies to farmers.
    Ex: A shift of emphasis from facts to people brings strength and purpose to library operations.
    Ex: The author advocates that the Canadian LA needs rehashing and beefing up = El autor postula que la Asociación de Bibliotecarios Canadiense necesita reestructurarse y fortalecerse.
    Ex: An in-house bulletin may serve to cement firm relationships with the library's personnel.
    Ex: Information security management has been placed on a firmer footing with the publication of standards by national bodies.
    Ex: As a general rule, you can ' buff up' your look by making your shoulders seem wider and your waist narrower.
    * fortalecer el ego = provide + ego boost.
    * fortalecer la confianza = bolster + confidence, boost + Posesivo + confidence.
    * fortalecer la relación = strengthen + links.
    * fortalecer los cimientos = strengthen + foundations.
    * fortalecer los lazos = strengthen + links.
    * fortalecerse = draw + strength from, take + heart, gain + strength.

    * * *
    fortalecer [E3 ]
    vt
    1 ‹organismo/músculos› to strengthen, make … stronger
    un ejercicio para fortalecer los muslos an exercise to tone up the thighs o to strengthen the thigh muscles
    2 ‹espíritu›
    una lectura para fortalecer el espíritu reading matter that is spiritually uplifting
    3 ‹relación/amistad› to strengthen
    4 ( Mil) (reforzar) to reinforce, strengthen
    1 «organismo/músculo» to get stronger
    2 «espíritu» to grow stronger
    * * *

     

    fortalecer ( conjugate fortalecer) verbo transitivo ‹organismo/músculos/amistad› to strengthen
    fortalecerse verbo pronominal [organismo/músculo] to get stronger
    fortalecer verbo transitivo to fortify, strengthen
    ' fortalecer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    reforzar
    - endurecer
    English:
    build up
    - spike
    - stiffen
    - strengthen
    - build
    - cement
    - fortify
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    to strengthen;
    el acuerdo fortalecerá las relaciones entre los dos países the agreement will strengthen relations between the two countries
    * * *
    v/t tb fig
    strengthen
    * * *
    fortalecer {53} vt
    : to strengthen, to fortify
    * * *
    fortalecer vb to strengthen

    Spanish-English dictionary > fortalecer

  • 10 invalidar

    v.
    to invalidate.
    * * *
    1 to invalidate
    * * *
    VT [+ certificado, resultado] to invalidate, nullify; [+ decisión] to reverse; [+ leyes] to repeal
    * * *
    verbo transitivo < documento> to invalidate, nullify; <premisa/argumento> to invalidate
    * * *
    = negate, override, overturn, render + redundant, render + suspect, render + wrong, rule out, rule out, short-circuit [shortcircuit], stultify, eviscerate, deflate, invalidate, preempt [pre-empt], pull + the plug on, overrule, void, make + redundant.
    Ex. Thus excessive delays in the availability of cataloguing records from the central agency will negate much of the value of a central service.
    Ex. On the final screen in the sequence, the default values for today's closing time and tomorrow's opening time may be overridden.
    Ex. However, any refinement involves greater human intervention, and this in turn can easily overturn the arguments in favour of subject indexes based upon titles.
    Ex. We need to replace those aspects of traditional public library service which have been taken over by other media or rendered redundant by social change.
    Ex. Poor standards of cataloguing in the past render many examples of retrospective music bibliography suspect.
    Ex. Further, changes in the external world serve to render judgments, valid at the moment, wrong at best, and detrimental to the effectiveness of the catalog at worst.
    Ex. If, however, we index documents about primary schools under the term primary school, we can immediately rule out a lot of irrelevant documents in our search.
    Ex. If, however, we index documents about primary schools under the term primary school, we can immediately rule out a lot of irrelevant documents in our search.
    Ex. There is little modulation, whole steps of division being short-circuited and an odd assembly of terms being frequently found: e.g.: LAW see also JURY, JUDGES.
    Ex. Excessive standardisation also tends to stultify development and improvement of IT products.
    Ex. Also, to become emotionally wedded to a particular view is to eviscerate one's effectiveness in achieving a workable solution.
    Ex. These developments deflate some traditional assumptions about and privileges associated with scientific and technical knowledge.
    Ex. However, in November 1976, with the eighth edition still hot from the press, the decision to revert wholly to indirect subdivision was implemented, thus invalidating a substantial part of the Introduction to the eighth edition.
    Ex. This article concludes that the main value of the indicators is as a management tool, as a means of preempting problems.
    Ex. However, the effects of media conglomeration on Times Mirror for bottom line results would pull the plug on the New York venture that was nearing its provisional term and beginning to show positive results.
    Ex. President Eisenhower overruled some of his military commanders in summer 1958, ordering them not to use nuclear weapons against China.
    Ex. However, in the case when the user's input fails, we would like to void the reserved funds.
    Ex. In one breath you say it's not very valuable and technologies will soon be here to make it redundant and in the next breath boast of its capabilities - you just can't have it both ways!.
    ----
    * invalidar las críticas = disarm + criticism.
    * invalidar las quejas = disarm + complaints.
    * invalidar un argumento = invalidate + argument.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo < documento> to invalidate, nullify; <premisa/argumento> to invalidate
    * * *
    = negate, override, overturn, render + redundant, render + suspect, render + wrong, rule out, rule out, short-circuit [shortcircuit], stultify, eviscerate, deflate, invalidate, preempt [pre-empt], pull + the plug on, overrule, void, make + redundant.

    Ex: Thus excessive delays in the availability of cataloguing records from the central agency will negate much of the value of a central service.

    Ex: On the final screen in the sequence, the default values for today's closing time and tomorrow's opening time may be overridden.
    Ex: However, any refinement involves greater human intervention, and this in turn can easily overturn the arguments in favour of subject indexes based upon titles.
    Ex: We need to replace those aspects of traditional public library service which have been taken over by other media or rendered redundant by social change.
    Ex: Poor standards of cataloguing in the past render many examples of retrospective music bibliography suspect.
    Ex: Further, changes in the external world serve to render judgments, valid at the moment, wrong at best, and detrimental to the effectiveness of the catalog at worst.
    Ex: If, however, we index documents about primary schools under the term primary school, we can immediately rule out a lot of irrelevant documents in our search.
    Ex: If, however, we index documents about primary schools under the term primary school, we can immediately rule out a lot of irrelevant documents in our search.
    Ex: There is little modulation, whole steps of division being short-circuited and an odd assembly of terms being frequently found: e.g.: LAW see also JURY, JUDGES.
    Ex: Excessive standardisation also tends to stultify development and improvement of IT products.
    Ex: Also, to become emotionally wedded to a particular view is to eviscerate one's effectiveness in achieving a workable solution.
    Ex: These developments deflate some traditional assumptions about and privileges associated with scientific and technical knowledge.
    Ex: However, in November 1976, with the eighth edition still hot from the press, the decision to revert wholly to indirect subdivision was implemented, thus invalidating a substantial part of the Introduction to the eighth edition.
    Ex: This article concludes that the main value of the indicators is as a management tool, as a means of preempting problems.
    Ex: However, the effects of media conglomeration on Times Mirror for bottom line results would pull the plug on the New York venture that was nearing its provisional term and beginning to show positive results.
    Ex: President Eisenhower overruled some of his military commanders in summer 1958, ordering them not to use nuclear weapons against China.
    Ex: However, in the case when the user's input fails, we would like to void the reserved funds.
    Ex: In one breath you say it's not very valuable and technologies will soon be here to make it redundant and in the next breath boast of its capabilities - you just can't have it both ways!.
    * invalidar las críticas = disarm + criticism.
    * invalidar las quejas = disarm + complaints.
    * invalidar un argumento = invalidate + argument.

    * * *
    invalidar [A1 ]
    vt
    ‹documento› to invalidate, nullify; ‹premisa/argumento› to invalidate
    * * *

    invalidar verbo transitivo to invalidate
    ' invalidar' also found in these entries:
    English:
    invalidate
    - negate
    - overrule
    - over
    * * *
    [sujeto: circunstancias] to invalidate; [sujeto: juez] to declare invalid;
    les invalidaron dos goles they had two goals disallowed
    * * *
    v/t invalidate
    * * *
    : to nullify, to invalidate

    Spanish-English dictionary > invalidar

  • 11 recomendación

    f.
    recommendation, advice, suggestion, piece of advice.
    * * *
    1 (consejo) recommendation, advice; (para empleo) reference
    ■ no sé qué hacer, ¿tienes alguna recomendación? I don't know what to do, have you any recommendations?
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=consejo) recommendation
    2) [para un trabajo] to recommend
    3) (Rel)
    * * *
    a) ( consejo)
    b) ( para empleo) reference, recommendation
    * * *
    = commendation, recommendation, testimonial.
    Ex. It's a staggering list of accomplishments, and considering bureaucracy and some of the internal problems of the Library of Congress, I think that the Library deserves a great deal of credit and commendation.
    Ex. Plainly such representative sections may not be present in many documents, but sometimes an extract from the results, conclusions or recommendations of a document may serve to identify the key issues covered by the entire document.
    Ex. 4 subjects were discussed at a seminar held on 3 successive weekends in Dec 86 on the training of librarians in job application: Curricula vitae; written applications; aspects of labour legislation (particularly testimonials); and interviews.
    ----
    * carta de recomendación = testimonial, letter of recommendation, letter of reference, reference letter.
    * Norma Británica 1749: Recomendaciones para la ordenación alfabética y el ord = BS (British Standard) 1749: Recommendations for alphabetical arrangement and the filing order of numerals and symbols.
    * recomendaciones = do's and don'ts, rights and wrongs.
    * * *
    a) ( consejo)
    b) ( para empleo) reference, recommendation
    * * *
    = commendation, recommendation, testimonial.

    Ex: It's a staggering list of accomplishments, and considering bureaucracy and some of the internal problems of the Library of Congress, I think that the Library deserves a great deal of credit and commendation.

    Ex: Plainly such representative sections may not be present in many documents, but sometimes an extract from the results, conclusions or recommendations of a document may serve to identify the key issues covered by the entire document.
    Ex: 4 subjects were discussed at a seminar held on 3 successive weekends in Dec 86 on the training of librarians in job application: Curricula vitae; written applications; aspects of labour legislation (particularly testimonials); and interviews.
    * carta de recomendación = testimonial, letter of recommendation, letter of reference, reference letter.
    * Norma Británica 1749: Recomendaciones para la ordenación alfabética y el ord = BS (British Standard) 1749: Recommendations for alphabetical arrangement and the filing order of numerals and symbols.
    * recomendaciones = do's and don'ts, rights and wrongs.

    * * *
    1
    (consejo): lo hizo por recomendación mía he did it on my recommendation o advice
    decidió irse, ignorando las recomendaciones de sus padres she decided to go, ignoring her parents' advice
    2 (para un empleo) reference, recommendation
    carta de recomendación letter of reference o recommendation
    * * *

     

    recomendación sustantivo femenino


    recomendación sustantivo femenino
    1 (consejo) recommendation, advice
    2 (para un empleo) reference, recommendation
    carta de recomendación, letter of introduction
    ' recomendación' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    aval
    - carta
    - consejo
    - homologación
    - tener
    English:
    commendation
    - recommendation
    - reference
    - testimonial
    * * *
    1. [consejo] recommendation;
    siguió sus recomendaciones al pie de la letra he followed her advice to the letter;
    por recomendación de alguien on sb's advice o recommendation
    2. [referencia]
    (carta de) recomendación letter of recommendation
    3. [enchufe] recommendation;
    * * *
    f recommendation;
    por recomendación de on the recommendation of
    * * *
    recomendación nf, pl - ciones : recommendation
    * * *
    recomendación n recommendation

    Spanish-English dictionary > recomendación

  • 12 situaciones

    (n.) = sphere of activity, sphere of life, walks (of/in) life
    Ex. Military applications of information technology often pave the way for its introduction into other spheres of activity.
    Ex. As a result of scientific-technical development, culture is influencing all spheres of life.
    Ex. Public libraries are present in many communities and serve people of all ages and from all walks of life.
    * * *
    (n.) = sphere of activity, sphere of life, walks (of/in) life

    Ex: Military applications of information technology often pave the way for its introduction into other spheres of activity.

    Ex: As a result of scientific-technical development, culture is influencing all spheres of life.
    Ex: Public libraries are present in many communities and serve people of all ages and from all walks of life.

    Spanish-English dictionary > situaciones

  • 13 повестка

    сущ.
    notice; notice paper; notification; юр ( о вызове в суд) subpoena; summons; ( дня) agenda; order of the day

    включать в повестку дня — to include in (place / put on) the agenda

    вручать (предъявлять) повестку — to serve a notice; ( в суд) to serve a subpoena (summons) (on); serve ( smb) with a subpoena (summons)

    одобрять (принимать, утверждать) повестку дня — to adopt (approve) the agenda

    переходить к следующему пункту повестки дня — to move on (proceed) to next business (to / with the next item of / on the agenda)

    вручение повестки — ( о вызове в суд) service of process (of subpoena, summons)

    выдача повестки — ( в суд) issue of a citation (of a subpoena, summons)

    - повестка дня после внесения поправок
    - повестка о вызове в суд
    - повестка присяжного
    - предварительная повестка дня
    - пересмотренная повестка дня
    * * *

    Русско-английский юридический словарь > повестка

  • 14 повестка

    сущ.
    notice; notice paper; notification; юр ( о вызове в суд) subpoena; summons; ( дня) agenda; order of the day

    включать в повестку дня — to include in (place / put on) the agenda

    вручать (предъявлять) повестку — to serve a notice; ( в суд) to serve a subpoena (summons) (on); serve ( smb) with a subpoena (summons)

    одобрять (принимать, утверждать) повестку дня — to adopt (approve) the agenda

    переходить к следующему пункту повестки дня — to move on (proceed) to next business (to / with the next item of / on the agenda)

    вручение повестки — ( о вызове в суд) service of process (of subpoena, summons)

    выдача повестки — ( в суд) issue of a citation (of a subpoena, summons)

    - повестка дня после внесения поправок
    - повестка о вызове в суд
    - повестка присяжного
    - предварительная повестка дня
    - пересмотренная повестка дня
    * * *

    Русско-английский юридический словарь > повестка

  • 15 подача

    1) General subject: Backing, admission, batting (крикет, бейсбол), delivery (особ. в крикете), feed, feed (напр. бумаги, краски), feed-motion, feeder, giving, inning (в крикете, бейсболе), innings (в бейсболе, крикете), lodgement (заявления, жалобы), lodgment (жалобы и т. п.), pitching (вилами), play (в игре), presentation, production (нефтяной скважины), rendering supply, service (мяча), serving, submission, submission (документов), submitting, supply, travel, advice, recommendation (с его подачи - on his advice)
    2) Geology: feed-through
    3) Aviation: admittance, infeed
    4) Naval: pumpage
    5) Colloquial: (under the) wing of (Она получила эту работу с подачи своего дяди. She only got the job with the backing of her uncle.; протекция patronage; smb.), auspices, endorsement
    6) Sports: pitch, serve (мяча), service hit (мяча в игру)
    8) Engineering: advance (инструмента), approach (рабочего органа), conveying, delivery (насоса), discharge, displacement (насоса, компрессора), feeding, haulage (выемочного комбайна), inflow, injection (сигнала), input, launching (волны в волновод), let-off (нитей навоя на основовязальной машине), motion (рабочего органа), movement (рабочего органа), pumping, sup
    9) Construction: capacity (напр. насоса), conveyance (материалов, энергии), conveying (материалов, энергии), delivery (насоса, компрессора и т. д.), delivery capacity (насоса и т. п.), discharge capacity (насоса), feed (материала, рабочего органа и т. п.), output
    10) Mathematics: entry
    11) Railway term: delivery (тепла), supply (топлива и т. п.)
    14) Automobile industry: conveyance, delivery, discharge (насоса), displacement (насоса), displacement (насоса или компрессора), feeding (горючего, масла), handle, hauling, supply (топлива, смазки и т. п.)
    16) Diplomatic term: submission (документов и т.п.)
    18) Metallurgy: batch, convey, round
    19) Polygraphy: dispensing, feeding (напр. бумаги), (ручная) laying-on, supplement (напр. бумаги), throw, (поперечная) traverse
    23) Astronautics: application, leading
    25) Mechanic engineering: delivering
    26) Silicates: routing (материалов, изделий и т. д.)
    27) Mechanics: delivery output
    30) Drilling: handling
    31) Sakhalin energy glossary: capacity
    33) Microelectronics: loading
    34) Polymers: feed motion
    35) Automation: advancement, (быстрая) advancing, carrying-in (обрабатываемого изделия), feed movement, feeding movement, inlet, presentation (напр. деталей)
    36) Plastics: traverse
    37) Arms production: feeding (патронов, снарядов, топлива и т. д.)
    38) General subject: flow (насоса)
    39) Chemical weapons: discharging, (впуск) inflow, (загрузка; подача тепла) input
    40) Makarov: advancing (быстрая), apprise, approach (суппорта станка и т.п.), feed (энергии), feed-in, infeed (в линию), inputting, presentation (деталей), serve (теннис, бадминтон), serving (теннис), transfer (напр. деталей в поточной линии)
    41) Gold mining: feed+drill steel
    42) Electrochemistry: replenishment
    43) SAP.tech. carriage feed
    44) oil&gas: feed (металлообр.), filling
    45) Karachaganak: production
    46) Combustion gas turbines: feed (воздуха, топлива)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > подача

  • 16 desenlace

    m.
    1 denouement, ending.
    2 outcome, ending, end, result.
    3 cliff-hanger.
    pres.subj.
    1st person singular (yo) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: desenlazar.
    * * *
    1 (resultado) outcome, result
    2 (de una obra) ending, denouement
    3 (final) end
    * * *
    SM [de libro, película] ending, dénouement frm; [de aventura] outcome

    desenlace fatal o trágico — tragic ending

    * * *
    masculino (de película, libro) ending; (Lit) denouement
    * * *
    = result, punchline [punch line].
    Ex. Plainly such representative sections may not be present in many documents, but sometimes an extract from the results, conclusions or recommendations of a document may serve to identify the key issues covered by the entire document.
    Ex. Young kids like listening to these shaggy dog stories, but don't usually 'get it', while parents generally groan over the punch lines.
    ----
    * desenlace feliz = success story, happy ending, happy end.
    * desenlace final = denouement.
    * * *
    masculino (de película, libro) ending; (Lit) denouement
    * * *
    = result, punchline [punch line].

    Ex: Plainly such representative sections may not be present in many documents, but sometimes an extract from the results, conclusions or recommendations of a document may serve to identify the key issues covered by the entire document.

    Ex: Young kids like listening to these shaggy dog stories, but don't usually 'get it', while parents generally groan over the punch lines.
    * desenlace feliz = success story, happy ending, happy end.
    * desenlace final = denouement.

    * * *
    (de una película, un libro) ending
    introducción, núcleo y desenlace ( Lit) introduction, exposition and denouement
    el feliz/trágico desenlace de su aventura the happy/tragic outcome of their adventure
    sólo queda esperar el fatal desenlace ( euf); all we can do is wait for the end o wait for the inevitable to happen ( euph)
    * * *

    desenlace sustantivo masculino (de película, libro) ending;
    ( de aventura) outcome
    desenlace sustantivo masculino
    1 result, outcome
    un feliz desenlace, a happy end
    2 Cine Teat Lit ending, dénouement: la novela tiene un desenlace trágico, the novel has a tragic ending
    ' desenlace' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    fatal
    English:
    ending
    - denouement
    * * *
    [de obra, narración] denouement, ending; [de suceso, aventura] result, outcome;
    el secuestro tuvo un trágico desenlace the kidnapping ended tragically
    * * *
    m outcome, ending
    * * *
    : ending, outcome

    Spanish-English dictionary > desenlace

  • 17 servir para

    v.
    1 to be useful for, to be good for, to be good at, to avail for.
    2 to serve to.
    * * *
    to be used for, be for
    * * *
    (v.) = be instrumental in/to
    Ex. Co-operatives have then been instrumental in the development and introduction of new technology in libraries.
    * * *
    (v.) = be instrumental in/to

    Ex: Co-operatives have then been instrumental in the development and introduction of new technology in libraries.

    Spanish-English dictionary > servir para

  • 18 пример

    example, instance, model
    • Безусловно, это пример (чего-л). - This is, of course, an example of...
    • Более интригующим примером является... - A more intriguing example is...
    • Более сложный пример доставляется (из рассмотрения и т. п.)... - A more complex example is afforded by...
    • Будет полезен другой пример. - Another example will be helpful.
    • Было бы легко привести значительно больше примеров... - It would be easy to give many more examples of...
    • В [2] приводятся несколько примеров. - Several examples are given in [2].
    • В данном параграфе мы обсуждаем некоторые простые свойства и примеры (чего-л). - In this section we discuss some simple properties and examples of...
    • В каждом из этих примеров рассматривается... - Each of these examples is concerned with...
    • В качестве другого примера мы можем проверить... - As a further example we may examine...
    • В качестве последнего примера в этой главе рассмотрим... - As a final example in this chapter we consider...
    • В качестве последнего примера мы возьмем... - As a last example, we take...
    • В качестве практически важного примера рассмотрим... - As an example of practical importance we consider...
    • В качестве примера описанного выше метода мы показываем, что... - As an example of the method described above we show that...
    • В качестве примера рассмотрим теперь... - By way of example, let us now consider...
    • В качестве слегка более сложного примера мы докажем, что... - As a slightly harder example we prove that...
    • В качестве специального примера предположим... - As a specific illustration, suppose that...
    • В качестве тривиального примера рассмотрим... - As a trivial example of this, consider...
    • В качестве частного примера рассмотрим следующий. - As a particular example take the following.
    • В нескольких следующих примерах мы будем предполагать для удобства, что... - In the next few examples we will assume for convenience that...
    • В следующем параграфе мы обсудим примеры... - In the next section we discuss examples of...
    • В следующем примере мы используем этот метод, чтобы определить... - In the following examples we use this method to determine...
    • В этих примерах получается, что... - In these examples it happens that...
    • В этом примере мы имеем дело с... - In this example we work with...
    • Важно отметить, что этот пример указывает на
    (
    что-л)... - It is important to note from this example that...
    • Возможно, основной урок, который мы извлекаем из этих трех примеров, состоит в том, что... - Probably the main lesson to be gained from these three examples is that...
    • Вышесказанное является хорошим примером... - The foregoing is a good example of...
    • Главной характерной чертой предыдущего примера является... - A central feature of the previous example is...
    • Давайте рассмотрим этот вопрос, используя специальные примеры. - Let us approach this question by means of specific examples.
    • Данные примеры должны прояснить... - These examples should make it clear that...
    • Данный пример имеет некоторый интерес в связи с... - This example is of some interest in connection with...
    • Данный пример является типичным во многих (случаях и т. п.)... - This example is typical of many...
    • Данный процесс может быть проиллюстрирован несколькими примерами. - The process may be illustrated by a few examples.
    • Действительный смысл этого примера состоит в том, что... - The real point of this illustration is that...
    • Другие примеры... упоминаются во втором параграфе. - Other examples of... are mentioned in Section 2.
    • Другой важный пример этого принципа встречается, когда... - Another important example of this principle occurs when...
    • Другой пример мог бы быть взят из... - Another example might be taken from...
    • Еще более удивительным является обнаруженный/предложенный Смитом пример [11], который показывает, что... - Even more startling is an example due to Smith [11], which shows that...
    • Заключение, вытекающее из следующих двух примеров, состоит в том, что... - The conclusion to be drawn from these two examples is that...
    • Здесь мы описываем некоторые ранние примеры... - Here we describe some early examples of...
    • Здесь мы приводим другой пример (чего-л). - We give here another example of...
    (
    чем-л/где-л)... - Familiar examples are provided by...
    • Из этого частного примера мы можем заключить, что... - We may infer from this particular example that...
    • Имеется много других примеров, иллюстрирующих основную идею (чего-л). - There are many other examples which illustrate the basic idea of...
    • История изобилует примерами (чего-л)... - The history of... provides many examples of cases where...; The history of... abounds in cases where...
    • К примеру, давайте рассмотрим взаимодействие... - Let us, for example, consider the interaction of...
    • К примеру, можно было бы предположить, что... - It might, for example, be conjectured that...
    • К примеру, оценивается, что... - It is estimated, for example, that...
    • К примеру, предположим, что... - For instance, suppose that...
    • К примеру, это особенно верно в случае... - This is particularly so, for example, in the case of...
    • Как показывает следующий пример, это не обязательно выполнено. - This is not necessarily the case, as the following example illustrates.
    • Легко понятный, но все еще не слишком тривиальный пример - это... - An easily understood, yet not too trivial, example is that of...
    • Менее тривиальным примером является... - A less trivial example is...
    • Мы заключаем (наше изложение и т. п.) примером, иллюстрирующим... - We conclude by giving an example to illustrate...
    • Мы заключаем этот пример замечанием, что... - We conclude this example with the observation that...
    • Мы могли бы, к примеру, решить, что... - We might, for example, decide that...
    • Мы можем показать это на простом примере. - We can demonstrate this with a simple example.
    • Мы начинаем с рассмотрения трех конкретных примеров. - We begin by looking at three concrete examples.
    • Мы увидим, что это пример (чего-л). - We shall see that this is an example of...
    • Наиболее значимые примеры должны быть найдены (в)... - The most conspicuous examples are to be found in...
    • Наиболее значимой чертой этого примера является то, что... - The most significant feature of this example is that...
    • Наиболее известными примерами являются... - The most familiar examples are...
    • Наш простой пример показывает, что... - Our simple example demonstrates that...
    • Более сложный пример предоставляется... - A more difficult example is provided by...
    • Несколько решенных примеров представлены в следующем параграфе. - Several worked out examples are presented in the next section.
    • Ниже приводится пример, который иллюстрирует... - An example is used below to illustrate...
    • Нижеследующее является хорошим примером (чего-л). - The following is a good example of...
    • Нижеследующий пример показывает, что... - The following example shows that...
    • Объяснить это наилучшим образом можно с помощью примеров. - This is best made clear by means of examples.
    • Один из наиболее впечатляющих примеров это... - One of the most striking examples is...
    • Одна интересная вариация последнего примера вытекает из... - An interesting variation on the last example is provided by...
    • Однако имеет смысл проиллюстрировать данную технику следующим примером. - It is, however, worthwhile to illustrate the technique by the following example.
    • Однако, как указывает Смит [1], безусловно существуют примеры... - But, as Smith [1] points out, there are certainly examples of...
    • Перед тем, как продолжить давать примеры, мы приведем важное замечание, что... - Before proceeding to give examples, we make the important observation that...
    • Поучительно решить этот пример, используя... - It is instructive to solve this example by means of...
    • Предыдущие примеры иллюстрируют общий факт, что... - The preceding examples illustrate the general fact that...
    • Предыдущий пример демонстрирует, что много проще... - The above problems show that it is much easier to...
    • Прежде чем представить больше примеров, давайте... - Before presenting more examples, let us...
    • Приведем пример, как это происходит. - Let us see how that works in an example.
    • Приведем теперь пример, в котором... - We now give an example in which...
    • Приведенный выше пример 2 показывает, что... - Example 2 above shows that...
    • Пример 3 иллюстрирует основной принцип, что... - Example 3 illustrates the general principle that...
    • Пример должен разъяснить это. - An example should make this clear.
    • Пример его использования уже приведен в главе 2. - An example of its use has already been given in Chapter 2.
    • Пример послужит для демонстрации выполнения этого вычисления. - An example will serve to show how the calculation is carried out.
    • Пример такой структуры можно встретить (в)... - An example of such a structure occurs in...
    • Примеры будут найдены в стандартных описаниях... - Examples will be found in standard accounts of...
    • Проиллюстрируем это с помощью численного примера. - A numerical example will illustrate this.
    • Простейший пример (для) этого дается... - The simplest example of this is given by...
    • Простейший пример предоставляется (чем-л). - The simplest example is afforded by...; The simplest example is furnished by...
    • Простейший пример такой ситуации дается специальным случаем... - The simplest example of such a situation is the special case of...
    • Простейшим примером подобной операции является... - The simplest example of such an operation is...
    • Рассмотрим численный пример. - Let us take a numerical example.
    • Руководствуясь более ранним примером, полученным нами, мы... - Guided by our earlier example, we...
    • С помощью этого примера становится очевидно, что... - On the basis of this example, it is evident that...
    • Сейчас мы построим некоторые примеры, чтобы проиллюстрировать... - We now work out some examples to illustrate...
    • Следующая серия примеров (= иллюстраций) показывает... - The following series of illustrations shows...
    • Следующий пример дает иллюстрацию этой техники. - The following example illustrates the technique.
    • Следующий пример демонстрирует этот тип решения. - The next example demonstrates this type of solution.
    • Следующий пример может помочь объяснению этого момента (= пункта). - The following example may help to clarify this point.
    • Следующий пример может сделать это утверждение яснее. - The following example may make this point clearer.
    • Следующий пример показывает недостаток этой схемы. - A shortcoming of this scheme is shown by the following example.
    • Следующий пример предоставляет введение (в)... - The following example provides an introduction to...
    • Смит [1] приводит убедительный пример существования... - Smith [l] makes a persuasive case for the existence of...
    • Сначала рассмотрим (один) пример. - First we consider an example.
    • Совершенно другого типа пример предоставляется (чем-л). - An example of an entirely different kind is provided by...
    • Существует много примеров... - There are many examples of...
    • Таким образом, мы пришли к первому примеру (чего-л). - Thus we arrive at our first instance of...
    • Теперь мы возвращаемся к примеру, рассмотренному во втором параграфе. - We now return to the example treated in Section 2.
    • Теперь мы обратимся к некоторым примерам... - We now turn to some examples of...
    • Теперь приведем несколько конкретных примеров. - A few concrete examples are in order.
    • Только что приведенный пример является специальным случаем... - The example just given is a special case of...
    • Следующие три примера иллюстрируют эту возможность. - The next three examples illustrate this possibility
    • У нас есть здесь другой пример... - We have here another example of...
    • Часто упоминаемым простым примером является случай... - A simple example, often quoted, is the case of...
    • Численный пример проиллюстрирует относительную важность... - A numerical example will illustrate the relative importance of...
    • Читатель должен тщательно изучить этот пример. - The reader should study this example carefully.
    • Чтобы..., мы ограничимся лишь простым примером. - We restrict ourselves to a simple example in order to...
    • Чтобы привести еще более простой пример, мы можем рассмотреть... - То take an even simpler example, we can consider...
    • Чтобы проиллюстрировать это наиболее простым примером, предположим, что... - То take the simplest possible illustration, suppose that...
    • Эта техника иллюстрируется следующим примером. - The technique is illustrated in the next example.
    • Эта точка зрения будет объяснена примерами при изучении метода... - This point will be clarified by examples when we study the method of...
    • Эти два примера иллюстрируют некоторые из проблем... - These two examples illustrate some of the problems of...
    • Эти и другие примеры показывают, что... - These and many other examples show that...
    • Эти примеры предназначены в качестве (некоторого) руководства для... - These examples are intended as a guide for...
    • Эти примеры типичные, но не исчерпывающие. - These examples are typical but not exhaustive.
    • Эти соотношения можно было бы приложить, к примеру, к... - These expressions may be applied, for example, to... ,
    • Это было достаточно хорошо проиллюстрировано предыдущими примерами. - This has been sufficiently illustrated in the preceding examples.
    • Это другой пример (чего-л). - This is another example of...
    • Это еще один пример... - This is a further example of...
    • Это можно лучше всего понять, используя специальный пример. - This is best understood through a specific example.
    • Это пример того, что называется... - This is an example of what is called...
    • Это хороший пример (чего-л). - This is a good example of...
    • Этот метод лучше всего иллюстрируется примером. - The procedure is best illustrated by an example.
    • Этот очень простой пример типичен для... - This very simple example is typical of...
    • Этот пример демонстрирует один способ... - This example demonstrates one way of...
    • Этот пример иллюстрирует общий факт, что... - This example illustrates the general fact that...
    • Этот пример интересен в связи с... - This example is of interest in connection with...
    • Этот пример показывает, что может быть необходимым... - This example shows that it may be necessary to...
    • Этот пример представляет лишь академический интерес. - This example is of academic interest only.
    • Этот случай дает прекрасный пример (чего-л). - This case provides an excellent example of...

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > пример

  • 19 Á

    * * *
    a negative suffix to verbs, not;
    era útmakligt, at it is not unmeet that.
    * * *
    1.
    á, prep., often used elliptically, or even adverbially, [Goth. ana; Engl. on; Germ. an. In the Scandinavian idioms the liquid n is absorbed. In English the same has been supposed to happen in adverbial phrases, e. g. ‘along, away, abroad, afoot, again, agate, ahead, aloft, alone, askew, aside, astray, awry,’ etc. It is indeed true that the Ormulum in its northern dialect freq. uses o, even in common phrases, such as ‘o boke, o land, o life, o slæpe, o strande, o write, o naht, o loft,’ etc., v. the glossary; and we may compare on foot and afoot, on sleep (Engl. Vers. of Bible) and asleep; A. S. a-butan and on-butan (about); agen and ongean (again, against); on bæc, aback; on life, alive; on middan, amid. But it is more than likely that in the expressions quoted above, as well as in numberless others, as well in old as in modern English, the English a- as well as the o- of the Ormulum and the modern Scottish and north of England o- are in reality remains of this very á pronounced au or ow, which was brought by the Scandinavian settlers into the north of England. In the struggle for supremacy between the English dialects after the Conquest, the Scandinavian form á or a won the day in many cases to the exclusion of the Anglo-Saxon on. Some of these adverbs have representatives only in the Scandinavian tongues, not in Anglo-Saxon; see below, with dat. B. II, C. VII; with acc. C. I. and VI. The prep. á denotes the surface or outside; í and ór the inside; at, til, and frá, nearness measured to or from an object: á thus answers to the Gr. επί; the Lat. in includes á and i together.]
    With dat. and acc.: in the first case with the notion of remaining on a place, answering to Lat. in with abl.; in the last with the notion of motion to the place, = Lat. in with acc.
    WITH DAT.
    A. Loc.
    I. generally on, upon; á gólfi, on the floor, Nj. 2; á hendi, on the hand (of a ring), 48, 225; á palli, 50; á steini, 108; á vegg, 115; á sjá ok á landi, on sea and land. In some instances the distinction between d and i is loose and wavering, but in most cases common sense and usage decide; thus ‘á bók’ merely denotes the letters, the penmanship, ‘í’ the contents of a book; mod. usage, however, prefers ‘í,’ lesa í bók, but stafr á bók. Old writers on the other hand; á bókum Enskum, in English books, Landn. 24, but í Aldafars bók, 23 (in the book De Mensurâ Temporum, by Bede), cp. Grág. i. 76, where á is a false reading instead of at; á bréfi, the contents of a letter: of clothing or arms, mítr á höfði, sverð á hlið, mitre on head, sword on side, Fms. i. 266, viii. 404; hafa lykil á sér, on one’s person, 655 xxvii. 22; möttull á tyglum, a mantle hanging on (i. e. fastened by) laces, Fms. vii. 201: á þingi means to be present at a meeting; í þingi, to abide within a jurisdiction; á himni, á jörðu, on (Engl. in) heaven and earth, e. g. in the Lord’s Prayer, but í helviti, in hell; á Gimli, Edda (of a heavenly abode); á báti, á skipi denote crew and cargo, ‘í’ the timber or materials of which a ship is built, Eg. 385; vera í stafni á skipi, 177: á skógi, to be abroad in a wood (of a hunter, robber, deer); but to be situated (a house), at work (to fell timber), í skógi, 573, Fs. 5, Fms. iii. 122, viii. 31, xi. 1, Glúm. 330, Landn. 173; á mörkinni, Fms. i. 8, but í mörk, of a farm; á firðinum means lying in a firth, of ships or islands (on the surface of the water), þær eyjar liggja á Breiðafirði, Ld. 36; but í firði, living in a district named Firth; á landi, Nj. 98, Fms. xi. 386.
    II. á is commonly used in connection with the pr. names or countries terminating in ‘land,’ Engl. in, á Englandi, Írlandi, Skotlandi, Bretlandi, Saxlandi, Vindlandi, Vínlandi, Grænalandi, Íslandi, Hálogalandi, Rogalandi, Jótlandi, Frakklandi, Hjaltlandi, Jamtalandi, Hvítramannalandi, Norðrlöndum, etc., vide Landn. and the index to Fms. xii. In old writers í is here very rare, in modern authors more frequent; taste and the context in many instances decide. An Icelander would now say, speaking of the queen or king, ‘á Englandi,’ ruling over, but to live ‘í Englandi,’ or ‘á Englandi;’ the rule in the last case not being quite fixed.
    2. in connection with other names of countries: á Mæri, Vörs, Ögðum, Fjölum, all districts of Norway, v. Landn.; á Mýrum (in Icel.), á Finnmörk, Landn., á Fjóni (a Danish island); but í Danmörk, Svíþjóð (á Svíþjóðu is poët., Gs. 13).
    3. before Icel. farms denoting open and elevated slopes and spaces (not too high, because then ‘at’ must be used), such as ‘staðr, völlr, ból, hjalli, bakki, heimr, eyri,’ etc.; á Veggjum, Landn. 69; á Hólmlátri, id.: those ending in ‘-staðr,’ á Geirmundarstöðum, Þórisstöðum, Jarðlangsstöðum…, Landn.: ‘-völlr,’ á Möðruvöllum: á Fitjum (the farm) í Storð (the island), í Fenhring (the island) á Aski (the farm), Landn., Eg.: ‘-nes’ sometimes takes á, sometimes í (in mod. usage always ‘í’), á Nesi, Eb. 14, or í Krossnesi, 30; in the last case the notion of island, νησος, prevails: so also, ‘fjörðr,’ as, þeir börðust á Vigrafirði (of a fight o n the ice), Landn. 101, but orusta í Hafrsfirði, 122: with ‘-bær,’ á is used in the sense of a farm or estate, hón sa á e-m bæ mikit hús ok fagrt, Edda 22; ‘í bæ’ means within doors, of the buildings: with ‘Bær’ as pr. name Landn. uses ‘í,’ 71, 160, 257, 309, 332.
    4. denoting on or just above; of the sun, when the time is fixed by regarding the sun in connection with points in the horizon, a standing phrase in Icel.; sól á gjáhamri, when the sun is on the crag of the Rift, Grág. i. 26, cp. Glúm. 387; so, brú á á, a bridge on a river, Fms. viii. 179, Hrafn. 20; taka hús á e-m, to surprise one, to take the house over his head, Fms. i. 11.
    III. á is sometimes used in old writers where we should now expect an acc., esp. in the phrase, leggja sverði (or the like) á e-m, or á e-m miðjum, to stab, Eg. 216, Gísl. 106, Band. 14; þá stakk Starkaðr sprotanum á konungi, then Starkad stabbed the king with the wand, Fas. iii. 34; bíta á kampi (vör), to bite the lips, as a token of pain or emotion, Nj. 209, 68; taka á e-u, to touch a thing, lay hold of it, v. taka; fá á e-u, id. (poët.); leggja hendr á (better at) síðum, in wrestling, Fms. x. 331; koma á úvart á e-m, to come on one unawares, ix. 407 (rare).
    B. TEMP. of a particular point or period of time, at, on, in:
    I. gener. denoting during, in the course of; á nótt, degi, nætrþeli …, Bs. i. 139; or spec. adding a pron. or an adject., á næsta sumri, the next summer; á því ári, þingi, misseri, hausti, vári, sumri …, during, in that year …, Bs. i. 679, etc.; á þrem sumrum, in the course of three summers, Grág. i. 218; á þrem várum, Fms. ii. 114; á hálfs mánaðar fresti, within half a month’s delay, Nj. 99; á tvítugs, sextugs … aldri, á barns, gamals aldri, etc., at the age of …, v. aldr: á dögum e-s, in the days of, in his reign or time, Landn. 24, Hrafn. 3, Fms. ix. 229.
    II. used of a fixed recurrent period or season; á várum, sumrum, haustum, vetrum, á kveldum, every spring, summer …, in the evenings, Eg. 711, Fms. i. 23, 25, vi. 394, Landn. 292: with the numeral adverbs, cp. Lat. ter in anno, um sinn á mánuði, ári, once a month, once a year, where the Engl. a is not the article but the preposition, Grág. i. 89.
    III. of duration; á degi, during a whole day, Fms. v. 48; á sjau nóttum, Bárð. 166; á því meli, during that time, in the meantime, Grág. i. 259.
    IV. connected with the seasons (á vetri, sumri, vári, hausti), ‘á’ denotes the next preceding season, the last winter, summer, autumn, Eb. 40, 238, Ld. 206: in such instances ‘á’ denotes the past, ‘at’ the future, ‘í’ the present; thus í vetri in old writers means this winter; á vetri, last winter; at vetri, next winter, Eb. 68 (in a verse), etc.
    C. In various other relations, more or less metaphorically, on, upon, in, to, with, towards, against:
    I. denoting object, in respect of, against, almost periphrastically; dvelja á náðum e-s, under one’s protection, Fms. i. 74; hafa metnað á e-u, to be proud of, to take pride in a thing, 127.
    2. denoting a personal relation, in; bæta e-t á e-m, to make amends, i. e. to one personally; misgöra e-t á e-m, to inflict wrong on one; hafa elsku (hatr) á e-m, to bear love ( hatred) to one, Fms. ix. 242; hefna sín á e-m, to take revenge on one’s person, on anyone; rjúfa sætt á e-m, to break truce on the person of any one, to offend against his person, Nj. 103; hafa sár á sér, 101; sjá á e-m, to read on or in one’s face; sér hann á hverjum manni hvárt til þín er vel eðr illa, 106; var þat brátt auðséð á hennar högum, at …, it could soon be seen in all her doings, that …, Ld. 22.
    3. also generally to shew signs of a thing; sýna fáleika á sér, to shew marks of displeasure, Nj. 14, Fs. 14; taka vel, illa, lítt, á e-u, to take a thing well, ill, or indifferently, id.; finna á sér, to feel in oneself; fann lítt á honum, hvárt …, it could hardly be seen in his face, whether …, Eb. 42; líkindi eru á, it is likely, Ld. 172; göra kost á e-u, to give a choice, chance of it, 178; eiga vald á e-u, to have power over …, Nj. 10.
    II. denoting encumbrance, duty, liability; er fimtardómsmál á þeim, to be subject to …, Nj. 231; the phrase, hafa e-t á hendi, or vera á hendi e-m, on one’s hands, of work or duty to be done; eindagi á fé, term, pay day, Grág. i. 140; ómagi (skylda, afvinna) á fé, of a burden or encumbrance, D. I. and Grág. in several passages.
    III. with a personal pronoun, sér, mér, honum …, denoting personal appearance, temper, character, look, or the like; vera þungr, léttr … á sér, to be heavy or light, either bodily or mentally; þungr á sér, corpulent, Sturl. i. 112; kátr ok léttr á sér, of a gay and light temper, Fms. x. 152; þat bragð hafði hann á sér, he looked as if, … the expression of his face was as though …, Ld., cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á sér svip, bragð, æði, sið, of one’s manner or personal appearance, to bear oneself as, or the like; skjótr (seinn) á fæti, speedy ( slow) of foot, Nj. 258.
    IV. as a periphrasis of the possessive pronoun connected with the limbs or parts of the body. In common Icel. such phrases as my hands, eyes, head … are hardly ever used, but höfuð, eyru, hár, nef, munnr, hendr, fætr … á mér; so ‘í’ is used of the internal parts, e. g. hjarta, bein … í mér; the eyes are regarded as inside the body, augun í honum: also without the possessive pronoun, or as a periphrasis for a genitive, brjóstið á e-m, one’s breast, Nj. 95, Edda 15; súrnar í augum, it smarts in my eyes, my eyes smart, Nj. 202; kviðinn á sér, its belly, 655 xxx. 5, Fms. vi. 350; hendr á henni, her hands, Gísl. (in a verse); í vörunum á honum, on his lips, Band. 14; ristin á honum, his step, Fms. viii. 141; harðr í tungu, sharp of tongue, Hallfred (Fs. 114); kalt (heitt) á fingrum, höndum, fótum …, cold ( warm) in the fingers, hands, feet …, i. e. with cold fingers, etc.; cp. also the phrase, verða vísa (orð) á munni, of extemporising verses or speeches, freq. in the Sagas; fastr á fótum, fast by the leg, of a bondsman, Nj. 27: of the whole body, díla fundu þeir á honum, 209. The pers. pron. is used only in solemn style (poetry, hymns, the Bible), and perhaps only when influenced by foreign languages, e. g. mitt hjarta hví svo hryggist þú, as a translation of ‘warumb betrübst du dich mein Herz?’ the famous hymn by Hans Sachs; instead of the popular hjartað í mér, Sl. 43, 44: hjartað mitt is only used as a term of endearment, as by a husband to his wife, parents to their child, or the like, in a metaphorical sense; the heart proper is ‘í mér,’ not ‘mitt.’
    2. of other things, and as a periphrasis of a genitive, of a part belonging to the whole, e. g. dyrr á husi = húsdyrr, at the house-doors; turn á kirkju = kirkju turn; stafn, skutr, segl, árar … á skipi, the stem, stern, sail … of a ship, Fms. ix. 135; blöð á lauk, á tré …, leaves of a leek, of a tree …, Fas. i. 469; egg á sverði = sverðs egg; stafr á bók; kjölr á bók, and in endless other instances.
    V. denoting instrumentality, by, on, or a-, by means of; afla fjár á hólmgöngum, to make money a-duelling, by means of duels, Eg. 498; á verkum sínum, to subsist on one’s own work, Njarð. 366: as a law term, sekjast á e-ju, to be convicted upon …, Grág. i. 123; sekst maðr þar á sínu eigini ( a man is guilty in re sua), ef hann tekr af þeim manni er heimild ( possessio) hefir til, ii. 191; falla á verkum sínum, to be killed flagranti delicto, v. above; fella e-n á bragði, by a sleight in wrestling; komast undan á flótta, to escape by flight, Eg. 11; á hlaupi, by one’s feet, by speed, Hkr. ii. 168; lifa á e-u, to feed on; bergja á e-u, to taste of a thing; svala sér á e-u, to quench the thirst on.
    VI. with subst. numerals; á þriðja tigi manna, up to thirty, i. e. from about twenty to thirty, Ld. 194; á öðru hundraði skipa, from one to two hundred sail strong, Fms. x. 126; á níunda tigi, between eighty and ninety years of age, Eg. 764, v. above: used as prep., á hendi, on one’s hand, i. e. bound to do it, v. hönd.
    VII. in more or less adverbial phrases it may often be translated in Engl. by a participle and a- prefixed; á lopti, aloft; á floti, afloat; á lífi, alive; á verðgangi, a-begging; á brautu, away; á baki, a-back, behind, past; á milli, a-tween; á laun, alone, secretly; á launungu, id.; á móti, against; á enda, at an end, gone; á huldu, hidden; fara á hæli, to go a-heel, i. e. backwards, Fms. vii. 70;—but in many cases these phrases are transl. by the Engl. partic. with a, which is then perh. a mere prefix, not a prep., á flugi, a-flying in the air, Nj. 79; vera á gangi, a-going; á ferli, to be about; á leiki, a-playing, Fms. i. 78; á sundi, a-swimming, ii. 27; á verði, a-watching, x. 201; á hrakningi, a-wandering; á reiki, a-wavering; á skjálfi, a-shivering; á-hleri, a-listening; á tali, a-talking, Ísl. ii. 200; á hlaupi, a-running, Hkr. ii. 268; á verki, a-working; á veiðum, a-hunting; á fiski, a-fishing; á beit, grazing: and as a law term it even means in flagranti, N. G. L. i. 348.
    VIII. used absolutely without a case in reference to the air or the weather, where ‘á’ is almost redundant; þoka var á mikil, a thick fog came on, Nj. 267; niðamyrkr var á, pitch darkness came on, Eg. 210; allhvast á norðan, a very strong breeze from the north, Fms. ix. 20; þá var á norðrænt, a north wind came on, 42, Ld. 56; hvaðan sem á er, from whatever point the wind is; var á hríð veðrs, a snow storm came on, Nj. 282; görði á regn, rain came on, Fms. vi. 394, xi. 35, Ld. 156.
    WITH ACC.
    A. Loc.
    I. denoting simple direction towards, esp. connected with verbs of motion, going, or the like; hann gékk á bergsnös, Eg. 389; á hamar, Fas. ii. 517.
    2. in phrases denoting direction; liggja á útborða, lying on the outside of the ship, Eg. 354; á annat borð skipinu, Fms. vii. 260; á bæði borð, on both sides of the ship, Nj. 124, Ld. 56; á tvær hliðar, on both sides, Fms. v. 73. Ísl. ii. 159; á hlið, sidewards; út á hlið, Nj. 262, Edda 44; á aðra hönd henni, Nj. 50, Ld. 46; höggva á tvær hendr, to hew or strike right and left, Ísl. ii. 368, Fas. i. 384, Fms. viii. 363, x. 383.
    3. upp á, upon; hann tók augu Þjaza ok kastaði upp á himin, Edda 47: with verbs denoting to look, see, horfa, sjá, líta, etc.; hann rak skygnur á land, he cast glances towards the land, Ld. 154.
    II. denoting direction with or without the idea of arriving:
    1. with verbs denoting to aim at; of a blow or thrust, stefna á fótinn, Nj. 84; spjótið stefnir á hann miðjan, 205: of the wind, gékk veðrit á vestr, the wind veered to west, Fms. ix. 28; sigla á haf, to stand out to sea, Hkr. i. 146, Fms. i. 39: with ‘út’ added, Eg. 390, Fms. x. 349.
    2. conveying the notion of arriving, or the intervening space being traversed; spjótið kom á miðjan skjöldinn, Eg. 379, Nj. 96, 97; langt upp á land, far up inland, Hkr. i. 146: to reach, taka ofan á belti, of the long locks of a woman, to reach down to the belt, Nj. 2; ofan á bringu, 48; á þa ofan, 91.
    III. without reference to the space traversed, connected with verbs denoting to go, turn, come, ride, sail, throw, or the like, motion of every kind; hann kastar honum á völlinn, he flings him down, Nj. 91; hlaupa á skip sitt, to leap on board his ship, 43; á hest, to mount quickly, Edda 75; á lend hestinum, Nj. 91; hann gengr á sáðland sitt, he walks on to his fields, 82: on, upon, komast á fætr, to get upon one’s legs, 92; ganga á land, to go a-shore, Fms. i. 40; ganga á þing, vii. 242, Grág. (often); á skóg, á merkr ok skóga, into a wood, Fb. i. 134, 257, Fms. xi. 118, Eg. 577, Nj. 130; fara á Finnmörk, to go travelling in Finmark, Fms. i. 8; koma, fara á bæ, to arrive at the farm-house; koma á veginn, Eg. 578; stíga á bát, skip, to go on board, 158; hann gékk upp á borg, he went up to the burg (castle), 717; en er þeir komu á loptriðið, 236; hrinda skipum á vatn, to float the ships down into the water, Fms. i. 58; reka austr á haf, to drift eastwards on the sea, x. 145; ríða ofan á, to ride down or over, Nj. 82.
    IV. in some cases the acc. is used where the dat. would be used, esp. with verbs denoting to see or hear, in such phrases as, þeir sá boða mikinn inn á fjörðinn, they saw great breakers away up in the bight of the firth, the acc. being due perhaps to a motion or direction of the eye or ear towards the object, Nj. 124; sá þeir fólkit á land, they saw the people in the direction of land, Fas. ii. 517: in phrases denoting to be placed, to sit, to be seated, the seat or bench is freq. in the acc. where the dat. would now be used; konungr var þar á land upp, the king was then up the country, the spectator or narrator is conceived as looking from the shore or sea-side, Nj. 46; sitja á miðjan bekk, to be seated on the middle bench, 50; skyldi konungs sæti vera á þann bekk … annat öndvegi var á hinn úæðra pall; hann setti konungs hásæti á miðjan þverpall, Fms. vi. 439, 440, cp. Fagrsk. l. c., Sturl. iii. 182; eru víða fjallbygðir upp á mörkina, in the mark or forest, Eg. 58; var þar mörk mikil á land upp, 229; mannsafnaðr er á land upp (viewed from the sea), Ld. 76; stóll var settr á mótið, Fas. i. 58; beiða fars á skip, to beg a passage, Grág. i. 90.
    V. denoting parts of the body; bíta e-n á barka, to bite one in the throat, Ísl. ii. 447; skera á háls, to cut the throat of any one, Nj. 156; brjóta e-n á háls, to break any one’s neck; brjóta e-n á bak, to break any one’s back, Fms. vii. 119; kalinn á kné, frozen to the knees with cold, Hm. 3.
    VI. denoting round; láta reipi á háls hesti, round his horse’s neck, 623. 33; leggja söðul á hest, Nj. 83; and ellipt., leggja á, to saddle; breiða feld á hofuð sér, to wrap a cloak over his head, 164; reyta á sik mosa, to gather moss to cover oneself with, 267; spenna hring á hönd, á fingr, Eg. 300.
    VII. denoting a burden; stela mat á tvá hesta, hey á fimtán hesta, i. e. a two, a fifteen horse load, Nj. 74: metaph., kjósa feigð á menn, to choose death upon them, i. e. doom them to death, Edda 22.
    B. TEMP.
    I. of a period of time, at, to; á morgun, to-morrow (í morgun now means the past morning, the morning of to-day), Ísl. ii. 333.
    II. if connected with the word day, ‘á’ is now used before a fixed or marked day, a day of the week, a feast day, or the like; á Laugardag, á Sunnudag …, on Saturday, Sunday, the Old Engl. a-Sunday, a-Monday, etc.; á Jóladaginn, Páskadaginn, on Yule and Easter-day; but in old writers more often used ellipt. Sunnudaginn, Jóladaginn …, by dropping the prep. ‘á,’ Fms. viii. 397, Grág. i. 18.
    III. connected with ‘dagr’ with the definite article suffixed, ‘á’ denotes a fixed, recurring period or season, in; á daginn, during the day-time, every day in turn, Grett. 91 A.
    IV. connected with ‘evening, morning, the seasons,’ with the article; á kveldit, every evening, Ld. 14; á sumarit, every summer, Vd. 128, where the new Ed. Fs. 51 reads sumrum; á haust, every autumn, Eg. 741 (perh. a misprint instead of á haustin or á haustum); á vetrinn, in the winter time, 710; á várit, every spring, Gþl. 347; the sing., however, is very rare in such cases, the old as well as mod. usage prefers the plur.; á nætrnar, by night, Nj. 210; á várin, Eg. 710; á sumrin, haustin, á morgnana, in the morning (á morgin, sing., means to-morrow); á kveldin, in the evening, only ‘dagr’ is used in sing., v. above (á daginn, not á dagana); but elliptically and by dropping the article, Icelanders say, kveld og morgna, nótt og dag, vetr sumar vor og haust, in the same sense as those above mentioned.
    V. denoting duration, the article is dropped in the negative phrase, aldri á sinn dag, never during one’s life; aldri á mína daga, never in my life, Bjarn. 8, where a possess. pron. is put between noun and prep., but this phrase is very rare. Such phrases as, á þann dag, that day, and á þenna dag, Stj. 12, 655 xxx. 2. 20, are unclassical.
    VI. á dag without article can only be used in a distributive sense, e. g. tvisvar á dag, twice a-day; this use is at present freq. in Icel., yet instances from old writers are not on record.
    VII. denoting a movement onward in time, such as, liðið á nótt, dag, kveld, morgun, sumar, vetr, vár, haust (or nóttina, daginn …), jól, páska, föstu, or the like, far on in the night, day …, Edda 33; er á leið vetrinn, when the winter was well on, as the winter wore on, Nj. 126; cp. áliðinn: also in the phrase, hniginn á inn efra aldr, well stricken in years, Ld. 68.
    C. Metaph. and in various relations:
    I. somewhat metaphorically, denoting an act only (not the place); fara á fund, á vit e-s, to call for one, Eg. 140; koma á ræðu við e-n, to come to a parley with, to speak, 173; ganga á tal, Nj. 103; skora á hólm, to challenge to a duel on an island; koma á grið, to enter into a service, to be domiciled, Grág. i. 151; fara á veiðar, to go a-hunting, Fms. i. 8.
    β. generally denoting on, upon, in, to; bjóða vöxtu á féit, to offer interest on the money, Grág. i. 198; ganga á berhögg, to come to blows, v. berhögg; fá á e-n, to make an impression upon one, Nj. 79; ganga á vápn e-s, to throw oneself on an enemy’s weapon, meet him face to face, Rd. 310; ganga á lagið, to press on up the spear-shaft after it has passed through one so as to get near one’s foe, i. e. to avail oneself of the last chance; bera fé á e-n, to bribe, Nj. 62; bera öl á e-n, to make drunk, Fas. i. 13; snúinn á e-t, inclined to, Fms. x. 142; sammælast á e-t, to agree upon, Nj. 86; sættast, verða sáttr á e-t, in the same sense, to come to an agreement, settlement, or atonement, 78, Edda 15, Eb. 288, Ld. 50, Fms. i. 279; ganga á mála, to serve for pay as a soldier, Nj. 121; ganga á vald e-s, to put oneself in his power, 267; ganga á sætt, to break an agreement; vega á veittar trygðir, to break truce, Grág. ii. 169.
    II. denoting in regard to, in respect to:
    1. of colour, complexion, the hue of the hair, or the like; hvítr, jarpr, dökkr … á hár, having white, brown, or dark … hair, Ísl. ii. 190, Nj. 39; svartr á brún ok brá, dark of brow and eyebrow; dökkr á hörund, id., etc.
    2. denoting skill, dexterity; hagr á tré, a good carpenter; hagr á járn, málm, smíðar …, an expert worker in iron, metals …, Eg. 4; fimr á boga, good at the bow: also used of mastership in science or arts, meistari á hörpuslátt, a master in striking the harp, Fas. iii. 220; fræðimaðr á kvæði, knowing many poems by heart, Fms. vi. 391; fræðimaðr á landnámssögur ok forna fræði, a learned scholar in histories and antiquities (of Are Frode), Ísl. ii. 189; mikill á íþrótt, skilful in an art, Edda (pref.) 148; but dat. in the phrase, kunna (vel) á skíðum, to be a cunning skater, Fms. i. 9, vii. 120.
    3. denoting dimensions; á hæð, lengd, breidd, dýpt …, in the heighth, length, breadth, depth …, Eg. 277; á hvern veg, on each side, Edda 41 (square miles); á annan veg, on the one side, Grág. i. 89.
    β. the phrase, á sik, in regard to oneself, vel (illa) á sik kominn, of a fine ( ugly) appearance, Ld. 100, Fas. iii. 74.
    III. denoting instrumentality; bjargast á sínar hendr, to live on the work of one’s own hands, (á sínar spýtur is a mod. phrase in the same sense); (vega) á skálir, pundara, to weigh in scales, Grág. ii. 370; at hann hefði tvá pundara, ok hefði á hinn meira keypt en á hinn minna selt, of a man using two scales, a big one for buying and a little one for selling, Sturl. i. 91; á sinn kostnað, at one’s own expense; nefna e-n á nafn, by name, Grág. i. 17, etc. The Icel. also say, spinna á rokk, snældu, to spin on or with a rock or distaff; mala á kvern, to grind in a ‘querne,’ where Edda 73 uses dat.; esp. of musical instruments, syngja, leika á hljóðfæri, hörpu, gígju …; in the old usage, leika hörpu …, Stj. 458.
    IV. denoting the manner or way of doing:
    1. á þessa lund, in this wise, Grág. ii. 22; á marga vega, á alla, ymsa vega, in many, all, respects, Fms. i. 114; á sitt hóf, in its turn, respectively, Ld. 136, where the context shews that the expression answers to the Lat. mutatis mutandis; á Þýðersku, after German fashion, Sks. 288.
    2. esp. of language; mæla, rita á e-a tungu, to speak, write in a tongue; á Írsku, in Irish, Ld. 76; Norrænu, in Norse, Eb. 330, Vm. 35; a Danska tungu, in Danish, i. e. Scandinavian, Norse, or Icelandic, Grág. i. 18; á Vára tungu, i. e. in Icelandic, 181; rita á Norræna tungu, to write in Norse, Hkr. (pref.), Bs. i. 59:—at present, dat. is sometimes used.
    3. in some phrases the acc. is used instead of the dat.; hann sýndi á sik mikit gaman, Fms. x. 329; hann lét ekki á sik finna, he shewed no sign of motion, Nj. 111; skaltú önga fáleika á þik gera (Cod. Kalf.), 14.
    V. used in a distributive sense; skal mörk kaupa gæzlu á kú, eðr oxa fim vetra gamlan, a mark for every cow, Grág. i. 147; alin á hvert hross, 442; á mann, per man (now freq.): cp. also á dag above, lit. B.
    VI. connected with nouns,
    1. prepositional; á hendr (with dat.), against; á hæla, at heel, close behind; á bak, at back, i. e. past, after; á vit (with gen.), towards.
    2. adverbially; á braut, away, abroad; á víxl, in turns; á mis, amiss; á víð ok dreif, a-wide and a-drift, i. e. dispersedly.
    3. used almost redundantly before the following prep.; á eptir, after, behind; á undan, in front of; á meðal, á milli, among; á mót, against; á við, about, alike; á frá (cp. Swed. ifrån), from (rare); á fyrir = fyrir, Haustl. 1; á hjá, beside (rare); á fram, a-head, forwards; á samt, together; ávalt = of allt, always: following a prep., upp á, upon; niðr á, down upon; ofan á, eptir á, post eventum, (temp.) á eptir is loc., id., etc.
    VII. connected with many transitive verbs, answering to the Lat. ad- or in-, in composition, in many cases periphrastically for an objective case. The prep. generally follows after the verb, instead of being prefixed to it as in Lat., and answers to the Engl. on, to; heita kalla, hrópa á, to call on; heyra, hlusta, hlyða á, to hearken to, listen to; hyggja, hugsa á, to think on; minna á, to remind; sjá, líta, horfa, stara, mæna, glápa, koma auga … á, to look on; girnast á, to wish for; trúa á, to believe on; skora á, to call on any one to come out, challenge; kæra á, to accuse; heilsa á, to greet; herja, ganga, ríða, hlaupa, ráða … á, to fall on, attack, cp. ágangr, áreið, áhlaup; ljúga á, to tell lies of, to slander; telja á, to carp at; ausa, tala, hella, kasta, verpa … á, to pour, throw on; ríða, bera, dreifa á, to sprinkle on; vanta, skorta á, to fall short of; ala á, to plead, beg; leggja á, to throw a spell on, lay a saddle on; hætta á, to venture on; gizka á, to guess at; kveða á, to fix on, etc.: in a reciprocal sense, haldast á, of mutual strife; sendast á, to exchange presents; skrifast á, to correspond (mod.); kallast á, to shout mutually; standast á, to coincide, so as to be just opposite one another, etc.
    2.
    f. [Lat. aqua; Goth. ahva; Hel. aha; A. S. eâ; O. H. G. aha, owa; cp. Germ. ach and aue; Fr. eau, eaux; Engl. Ax-, Ex-, etc., in names of places; Swed.-Dan. å; the Scandinavians absorb the hu, so that only a single vowel or diphthong remains of the whole word]:—a river. The old form in nom. dat. acc. sing. is , v. the introduction to A, page 1, Bs. i. 333 sq., where ́n, ́ (acc.), and ́na; so also Greg. 677; the old fragm. of Grág. ii. 222, 223, new Ed. In the Kb. of the Edda the old form occurs twice, viz. page 75, ́na (acc.), (but two lines below, ána), í ́nni (dat.) The old form also repeatedly occurs in the Kb. and Sb. of the Grág., e. g. ii. 266, 267: gen. sing. ár; nom. pl. ár, gen. á contracted, dat. ám, obsolete form ́m; Edda 43, Eg. 80, 99, 133, 185: proverbs, at ósi skal á stemma, answering to the Lat. principiis obsta, Edda 60; hér kemr á til sæfar, here the river runs into the sea, metaph. = this is the very end, seems to have been a favourite ending of old poems; it is recorded in the Húsdrápa and the Norðsetadrápa, v. Edda 96, Skálda 198; cp. the common saying, oil vötn renna til sævar, ‘all waters run into the sea.’ Rivers with glacier water are in Icel. called Hvítá, White river, or Jökulsá: Hitá, Hot river, from a hot spring, opp. to Kaldá, v. Landn.: others take a name from the fish in them, as Laxá, Lax or Salmon river (freq.); Örriða á, etc.: a tributary river is þverá, etc.: ár in the Njála often means the great rivers Ölfusá and Þjórsá in the south of Iceland. Áin helga, a river in Sweden, Hkr. ii: á is also suffixed to the names of foreign rivers, Tempsá = Thames; Dóná, Danube (Germ. Don-au), (mod.), etc. Vide Edda (Gl.) 116, 117, containing the names of over a hundred North-English and Scottish rivers.
    COMPDS: áráll, árbakki, árbrot, ardjúp, árfarvegr, árfors, árgljúfr, árhlutr, ármegin, árminni, ármót, áróss, árreki, árstraumr, árströnd, árvað, árvegr, árvöxtr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > Á

  • 20 GESTR

    (-s, -ir), m.
    1) guest;
    * * *
    m., gen. gests; pl. gestir, acc. gesti; [Ulf. gasts = ξένος; A. S. gest; Engl. guest; Germ. gast; Dan. gjæst; Swed. gäst; Lat. hostis]:
    I. a guest; the original meaning of this word is a stranger, alien, cp. Lat. hostis.
    β. the Guests, one division of the king’s men; the Guests were a kind of policemen, and had not the full privileges of the king’s guardsmen or hirðmenn, although they were in the king’s pay; they had their own seats in the king’s hall, the guests’ bench, gesta-bekkr, m., Fb. i. 347; their own chief, gesta-höfðingi, a, m., Nj. 7, Hkr. ii. 69, Fms. vii. 35; their own banner, gesta-merki, n., Fms. ix. 489; their own meeting, gesta-stefna, u, f., Fms. viii. 250; they formed a separate body, gesta-sveit, f., Fas. i. 318; skulu þar fylgja hirðmenn ok gestir, Ó. H. 204, in the battle at Stiklastað: a guests’ hall, gesta-skáli, a, m., is mentioned in Eg. 28, Fas. ii. 93: a ship, gesta-skip ( gesta-fley), n., Fms. viii. 139; cp. the Sagas passim, esp. the Konunga Sögur, Fms. x. 147, Hkr. passim, but esp. N. G. L. in the section Hirðs-skrá, or the law ( rules) for the king’s men, and Sks. 257 sqq. As the gestir were lower in rank than the hirðmenn, a recruit had often to serve his apprenticeship among them, e. g. var hann í gestasæti, he was seated among the guests, i. e. was held in small repute, Fas. i. 51.
    II. a stranger, guest, Lat. hospes, but keeping the old notion of a stranger, prop. an accidental guest, chance comer, and is distinguished from boðs-maðr, an invited guest, or the like; hence the allit. phrase, gestr ok gangandi, a guest and ganger, since with the ancients the poor had to go from house to house (cp. gangleri); this is to be borne in mind, if one would understand old sayings such as, Guð elr gesti, God feeds guests, Bs. i. 247; or many passages in the old heathen poem Hávamál, e. g. órir gestr við gest, guest quarrels with guest, Hm. 31; gestr at gest hæðinn, guest mocking guest, 30, which reminds one of Hom. Od. xviii. 1–33; gest þú né geyja né á grind hrekir (scoff not at a guest, nor drive him to the door), get þú váluðum vel, Hm. 136, where gestr ( a guest) and válaðr ( a vagrant) are used synonymously; ganga skal, skala gestr vera æ í einum stað, 34. In olden times there were no public hostelries, and all entertainment was (as it still is in Icel.) private bounty; a fine instance of a munificent hostess of the heathen age is recorded in Landn.,—Geirríðr sparði ekki mat við menn, ok lét göra skála sinn of þjóðbraut þvera, hón sat á stóli ok laðaði úti gesti, en borð stóð inni jafnan ok matr á, 2. 13. After the introduction of Christianity, when churches were built and endowments given, the donors often imposed the duty of ‘feeding guest and ganger for a night’ (ala gest ok ganganda), Dipl. i. 169, 174; or, þar er ekki gesta eldi skylt ( it is not required to feed guests), ala hvern at ósekju er vill, 200; ala þurfa-menn ok þá er fara skylda-erinda, 201, cp. 273 passim:—gener. a visitor, guest: gesta-eldi, n. shelter for guests, D. I. (vide above): gesta-fluga, u, f. a guest-fly, a moth, Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 558: gesta-herbergi, n. a ‘guest-harbour,’ hostel, inn, Gr. καταλύμα, Luke ii. 7: gesta-hús, n. a guest-room, Sturl. i. 216, ii. 191: gesta-koma, u, f., gesta-nauð, n. a coming, crowding of guests: gesta-maðr, m. a guest-man (bishops had a special servant so called), Bs. i. 850, 876: gesta-rúm, n. a guest-bed: gesta-skáli, a, m. a guest-chamber, Hom. 36: gesta-spjót, n. pl., a cat is said to raise the ‘guest-spears’ when it lies on its back and cleans itself with its hind legs, which is a token that a stranger is at hand, Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 558.
    III. as pr. names, Landn., freq.; also in compds, Þor-gestr, Heim-gestr, Goð-gestr, Hleva-gastir on the Golden horn (Bugge’s reading), and Gr. Ξενο-φών, Ξενο-φάνης. Gestr is a name of Odin = the Traveller, Edda, Vþm., Gm., Hervar. S. ch. 15 (Gestum-blindi). It is curious to notice that whereas with the Romans hostis came to mean a foe, with the Teutons (as with the Gr. ξένος) the equivalent word became a term of friendship, used of a friend staying at one’s house.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > GESTR

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